Broad Sound.} 
TERRA AUSTRALIS. 
63 
S. 84° 38' E. 
N. 3 6 7 E. 
N. 28 5 W. 
N. 39 53 W- 
ascending the hill, obtained a view of the Sound which exceeded my 
expectations. Amongst the many bearings taken, were the follow- 
ing fixed points in the survey. 
Pine Mount, of Shoal-water Bay, 
Pier Head, the western part, 
West hill, the top, 
Flat Isles, the 4th, station there. 
The breadth of the Sound, from Upper Head over to the inner 
end of Long Island, appeared to be three leagues, but it contracteci 
upwards, and assumed the same river-like form as Shoal- water Bay; 
and it was to be feared, from the mangrove shores and muddiness 
of the water, that it would terminate in the same manner. No shoals 
could be then distinguished ; but towards low water in the evening 
I again ascended the hill, and saw to my regret, that the upper parts 
were mostly occupied with banks of mud and sand, many of which 
were dry, and extended downward past the inner entrance of Thirsty 
Sound. Amongst the banks were various channels; but that of 
about two miles wide where the ship lay, was by far the most con- 
siderable. The small fifth opening, close on the west side of Upper 
Head, ran some miles in the low land towards the foot of a ridge of 
hills, lying three or four leagues at the back of the shore ; but the 
greater part of this inlet was also taken up by mud banks, and the 
borders covered with mangroves. There was no fresh water at 
Upper Head, nor did I see any prospect of obtaining wherewith to 
1802. 
September,' 
Sunday 12. 
complete the holds of the two vessels before leaving the coast; unless 
it were at a place a little higher up on the same side, to which the 
appearance of another opening between two hills, induced me to 
move the ship. 
Next morning, when the flood made, we drifted upwards, with Monday is, 
the Lady Nelson and a boat sounding a-head. After advancing three 
miles the brig suddenly took the ground, and we dropped a stream 
anchor ; but in swinging to it, the ship was caught upon a bank of 
quick sand in eleven feet ; and the tide running strong upon the 
