55 2 
APPENDIX. [ Botany of Terra Australis. 
valvular, and which though generally irregular is never papilionaceous. 
To these characters may be added the straight Embryo, in which they 
agree with Mimoseae, but differ from all the Papihonaceae except Arachis. 
and Cercis. 
The Lomentacese of New Holland are not numerous, and consist 
chiefly of the genus Cassia, the greater part of whose species grow within 
the tropic. On the east coast they probably do not extend beyond 35° iat. ; 
and on the south coast only one species has been observed, it was found in 
32° S. Iat. and is remarkable in being aphyllous, with dilated footstalks 
exactly like the Acacise already noticed. 
The third order, Papilionace^e, which comprehends about three- 
fourths of the whole class at present known, includes also nearly the same 
proportion of the Australian LeguminosBe. 
Papilionacem admit of subdivision into several natural sections, but 
in Terra Australis they may be divided almost equally, and without vio- 
lence to natural affinities, into those with connected and those with distinct 
stamina. 1 
The decandrous part of the whole order bears a very small propor- 
tion to the diadelphous, which in Persoon’s synopsis is to the former as 
nearly 30 to 1, while in Terra Australis, as I have already stated, the two 
tribes are nearly equal. 
This remarkably increased proportion of Decandrous Papilionaceous 
plants, forms another peculiarity in the vegetation of New Holland, where 
their maximum exists in the principal parallel. They are not so generally 
spread over the whole of Terra Australis, as the loafless Acaciae, for although 
they extend to the southern extremity of Van Diemen’s Island, they arc 
even there less abundant, and very few species have been observed within 
the tropic. Papilionaceous plants with distinct stamina do not in fact form 
a very natural subdivision of the whole order, though those of New Holland, 
with perhaps one or two exceptions, may be considered as such : this Aus- 
tralian portion, however, forms nearly three- fourths of the whole section, at 
present known : the remaining part, consisting of genera, most of which are 
very different, both from each other and from those of Terra Australis, are 
found at the Cape of Good Hope, in sequinoctial and north Africa, in the 
different regions of America, in New Zealand, in India, very sparingly ij» 
