Natural Orders .] 
APPENDIX. 
573 
observed that I have found a projection of the stigma, though certainly in a 
much less obvious degree, both in Agathis* and in a species of Podocarpus. 
Towards this discovery, as extending to the Coniferte more strictly so 
called, an important step was made in Pinus, by the accurate Schkuhr,i 
who first correctly described and figured the cupula of that genus, but who 
considered it as the ovarium itself and the two processes of its aperture as 
stigmata, Mr. Salisbury, who seems to have been unacquainted with 
Schkuhr’s observations, published, a few years afterwards, X the same 
opinion, which continued to be generally received till the appearance of 
the essays, already quoted, of Mirbel and Schoubert. 
But these authors do not seem to be aware that certain plants of the 
order are even furnished with a double cupula. This is most remarkable 
in Podocarpus, in which the drupa is formed of this external cupula, whose 
aperture exists not at the apex, but very near its base or point of insertion. 
The inner cupula in this genus is in every stage entirely inclosed in the 
outer, and is in like manner inverted. 
That this is the real structure of Podocarpus seems to be proved 
by that of the nearly related genus Dacrydium, hitherto so imperfectly un- 
derstood. This genus has also a double cupula, the outer in the young 
state inclosing the inner, and both of them at this period being inverted as 
in Podocarpus ; but the inner in a more advanced stage acquires nearly an 
erect position, by rupturing one side of the external cupula, which, not con- 
tinuing to encrease proportionally in size, forms a cup surrounding the base 
only of the ripe fruit. 
Three species of Podocarpus are found in Terra Australis, two of 
these exist in the colony of Port Jackson, the third was observed on the 
summit of the Table Mountain in Van Diemen’s Island. Podocarpus as- 
plenifolia of Labillardiere || is certainly not a Podocarpus, but cither forms 
a distinct genus, as Richard has already supposed, § or it may possibly be 
a species of Dacrydium ; a conjecture which 1 have no means of verifying, 
having never seen the female fructification of this remarkable plant. 
* Salisbury in linn. soc. transact. 8. p. 3 11 . Pinus Dammara Lamb, pin. p. 61 . t. 38. 
f JBotan. handb. 3. p. 276. t. 303. t Linn. soct. transact. 8. p. 308. 
|! Plant, nov. boll. 2. p. 7 1. t. 221 . § finales, du mus. 16. p. 200. 
