574 
APPENDIX. [ Botany of Terra Australis. 
CalKtris of Ventenat * is peculiar to Terra Australis, where it exists 
very generally, but most abundantly in the principal parallel : it consists 
of several species, differing from each other chiefly in the form of their fruit. 
Araucaria excelsa, which was first observed in Norfolk Island and 
New Caledonia, is found also on the east coast of New Holland, immedi- 
ately within the tropic : it is there, however, a tree of very moderate dimen- 
sions, and never of that enormous size which it not unfrequently attains in 
Norfolk Island. 
ORCHIDEiE.f The Australian species of this order already known 
amount to 120, many of these, however, are of very rare occurrence, and 
none of them appear to be produced in abundance. 
Ihe maximum of the order exists in the principal parallel, a consi- 
derable part extends to Van Diemen’s Island, and very few have been 
observed within the tropic. 
The greater part form genera nearly or entirely peculiar to Terra 
Australis, and most of these genera belong to that division of the order 
having farinaceous pollen, with an anthera which is inserted but not deci- 
duous, and either parallel to the stigma or terminating the column. The 
two sections of this division with parallel and terminal anthera, are found 
in New Holland to pass very gradually into each other, and several genera 
belonging to the former are, in that country, remarkable for the great ex- 
pansion of the lateral lobes of the column. These lateral lobes I have con- 
sidered as barren stamina, which, like those of Philydrum, are occasionally, 
though indeed very rarely, furnished with rudiments of Antherm. This 
Structure as well as that of Cypripedium, in which the lateral lobes are 
antheriferous, while the middle is barren, approximates the /lower of 
Orchideae to what may be called the type of Monocotyledones, that is, a 
regular flower with ternary division of its envelope, stamina, and cells or 
placenta: of the fruit. 
I have attempted a similar approximation of true Scitaminece,% whose 
processes crowning the ovarium, and usually two in number, form the 
complement of the stamina. 
\ 
t Prodr. fl. nov. holl. 309. ;|; Prodr. jl. nov. holt, 305, 
* Dec, gen, nov. 10. 
