256 
ON CONGRUITY IN LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 
many other objects, should be placed apart, in a spot by themselves, and only be sc 
far a portion of the greater landscape as that the trees by which they are inclosecj 
shall fall into those forms and outlines which contribute to the comprehensive effect 
of the whole. 
We have yet spoken but generally, and though our extremely small limits will 
not permit us to go much into detail, we shall now mention a few more particulai 
cases. That a cemetery should, in its arrangement, if possible, and especially in the 
trees by which it is planted, express the character and purpose of the place, is a well- 
recognised rule, still it would be most difficult to find an instance in which this 
requirement is met. The place for the dead should be sombre, funereal, impressive, 
sad. The plants should be chiefly evergreen, with dull rather than shining leaves ; 
or, if deciduous, those with slender foliage, or pendulous branches, or climbing habit, 
seem to be most appropriate. And all this is demanded for the sake of congruity. 
Again, how fit it is that a rock or root garden should be planted with slender- 
growing, small-flowered plants, with ferns, with trailing species, with crooked and 
rugged and weeping trees, and with evergreens rather than deciduous plants ; that 
it should be as far away from the house as possible, that it should be shut in by 
itself, have not much glare of sunshine upon it, be approached suddenly by a by- 
path, have the walks through it as rough and rude as is consistent with comfort, and 
any water that may be attached to it either flowing constantly in a rushing stream, 
or kept broken round its margins with jutting rocks and wild plants, while its surface 
is at least half covered with varied aquatics. 
Buildings of various kinds, sculptured figures and groups, vases, &c., are often 
placed about gardens, particularly those of great extent, and such as are laid out in 
a formal manner. Not only should the position of these and the style be judiciously 
chosen, so that they do not come into sight from the house in a general way, nor 
occupy sites ill adapted for them, or in the neighbourhood of other objects with which 
they will not agree, nor exhibit a style at variance with the character of the place, 
or the precise situation they occupy, or the purpose they are to answer ; but con- 
siderable attention should be paid to surrounding them with appropriate scenery, S 
and planting trees or shrubs about them which will aptly develop the particular 
expression given to the building itself by its style and object. The plants we have 
mentioned as being suitable for cemeteries are likewise proper accompaniments to a 
church or chapel. A flower-garden, with or without its congenial architectural 
adornments, is best suited to attend a conservatory or plant-house that is not con- 
nected with the mansion. A temple may in some measure be aided in its effect by 
planting around it those trees and shrubs which most harmonise with the purpose to 
which it is dedicated. A ruin, any ancient erection, or a cottage has its characteristic 
decorations among trees, shrubs, or climbers. Sculpture and vases accord best with 
the architecture of a house to which they have some proximity, or a flower-garden 
laid out in regular figures, or a long straight walk or straight piece of water ; in fact, 
they are proper in any garden where straight lines and geometrical forms prevail. 
