674 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
except the Deep-nosed form. It was forwarded by 
v. Duben to the Royal Museum in 1845 from Bergen. 
Baron Gyllenstigrna found it in Sk elder Bay off Kul- 
len, and handed over his specimens to Nilsson, who was 
the first to describe this species. In the Sound it has 
been met with by several Danish zoologists, among 
others by Lutken off Hveen. Hansen has taken it in the 
Cattegat off La? so. It goes southward in the Atlantic 
to the Bay of Biscay, according to Moreau, but is rare 
on the French coast. 
The habits of the Lesser Pipefish probably resemble 
in the most essential respects those of its larger con- 
gener;- but its comparatively larger fins are suggestive 
of a more active life, and its insignificant size must 
compel it to seek its food among the most minute 
marine animals. Its spawning-season occurs in spring 
and summer; from May to the middle of June Malm 
found eggs and young in the marsupium of the males. 
In order finally to express, with the greatest bre- 
vity, the difference of form between this species and 
its nearest two relatives in the Atlantic region, we give 
below the most important proportions in this respect 
of three specimens of equal size, a male of S. rostel- 
latus from Bohuslan, a female of S. acus from the North 
Sea, and a male of S. pelagicus from the Sargasso Sea 
(Lat. 32° N., Long. 43° W.), all three 155 mm. long 
from the tip of the snout to the hind margin of the 
caudal fin. 
Syngnatlius 
rnstellatus. 
acus. 
pelagicus. 
Number of rings on the trunk 
16 
20 
17 
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, tail 
40 
44 
32 
Length of the head in % of that of the body 
10.0 
13.2 
13.9 
Distance between the dorsal fin and the tip of the snout in % of the length of the bodv 
34. o 
36.8 
38.7 
„ anal „ „ „ „ „ „ „ ., - 
35.5 
39.o 
43.2 
Length of the trunk behind the gill-covers in % of the length of the tail. _ 
40. o 
42.3 
51.7 
., base of the dorsal fin in % of the distance between the dorsal fin and the tip of the snout.. 
35.4 
31.6 
33.3 
,, ., .. ,, ., ., .. „ ., ,, ,, ,, ., ,, vent ,, ., ,, ,, ,, „ 
34.5 
29.7 
29.8 
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, .. ,, length of the head 
121.8 
87.8 
93.o 
., „ „ middle rays of the caudal fin in % of the length of the head 
31.4 
24.4 
27.9 
THE DEEP-NOSED PIPEFISH (sw. KANTNALEN OR TANGSNALLAN). 
STAGNATE US TYPHLE. 
Plate XXIX, fig. 1. 
Snout laterally compressed and comparatively deep. Length of the head more than 15 % of that of the body and 
at least 1 4 of that of the tail , which in the males is generally more , in the females less, than twice the length of 
the trunk behind the gill-covers. Distance between the dorsal fin and the tip of the snout at least 39f 2 % of the 
length of the body , and the length of the base of this fin less than 1 / 3 but more than V 4 of this distance , and 
also less than the length of the head. Hind margin of the caudal fin more or less obtusely pointed. 
R. hr. 2; D. 35 — 38«; A. 3; P. 13 — 15; C. (8) 10; Vert. 
55; Ann. 52—57 = (17 — 19) + x. 
Syn. Syngnatlius corpore medio lieptagono, cauda piimata, Art., 
Ichthyol. , Spec. Pise., p. 2; Lin., Fn. Suec.,e d. I. p. 126, 
No. 335. 
Syngnatlius Typlile , Lin. (p. p.), Syst. nat., ed. X, tom. I, 
p. 336 (»Lamina3 corporis trunci 18, cauda 36»); Donovan, 
Brit. Fish., tab. LVI; Flmng, Brit. Anim., p. 175; Jen., 
Man. Brit. Vert., p. 485; Yarr., Hist. Brit. Fish., ed. 1, 
vol. II, p. 332; Fr., Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1837, p. 28, tab. Ill, 
fig. 2; Bonap. ( Siphostoma , ex Raf.), Cat. Met. Peso. Europ., 
p. 89; Kr., Damn. Fiske, vol. 3, p. 673; Nilss. ( Syngna - 
thus), Skancl. Fn., Fisk., p. 689; Sundev., Stkblms L. Hush. 
Sallsk. Handl., H. VI, pp. 83 et 165; Mgrn ( Siphostoma ), 
Fail. Fiskfn. (disp. Helsingf.), p. 69; Lindstr. ( Syngnatlius ), 
Gotl. L. Hush. Sallsk. Arsb. 1866, p. 24 (sep.); Gthr 
( Siphonostoma ), Cat. Brit. Mus., Fish., vol. VIII, p. 154; 
Coll., Forh, Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1874, Tillaegsh., p. 199, 
ibid. 1879, No. 1, p. 100; Winth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, 
ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 52; Bncke ( Syngnatlius ), Fisch., Fischer., 
Fiscliz. 0. W. Preuss., p. 189; ILcke (Siphonostoma), Arch. 
a 34—40, according to Moreau. 
b 38—46, „ „ Day. 
