798 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
point of the lower jaw, though it fits into a shallow in- 
dentation at the tip of the snout, and projects distinctly 
beyond the latter when the mouth is open, is not pro- 
minent when the mouth is closed. The jaws are some- 
what larger, the length of the upper jaw from the tip 
of the snout measuring about 31 — 35 % of that of the 
head, and the length of the lower jaw about 41 — 45 % 
of the same. The dorsal fin is situated as a rule some- 
what farther forward, its beginning lying at a distance 
from the tip of the snout of about 50 — 47 % of the 
length of the body, and the distance between the tip 
of the snout and the ventral fins being about 85 — 90 
% of that between the same point and the dorsal fin. 
This fin is also both higher — its longest ray measures 
about 19 or 20 % of the length of the body — and 
longer, the length of its base being about 79 (11 ‘8 — 
11 '3 %) of that of the body. The anal fin is also 
higher; its longest ray measures about 15 — 14 % of 
the length of the body. 
The most striking difference from the Bleak ap- 
pears, however, in the coloration. The ground-colour 
is indeed the same; but the lateral line, which during 
life is itself more or less red, is included between two 
black streaks running along and close to it. These 
streaks are formed by two small, elongated, black spots 
on each scale in the lateral line, one above and one 
below the opening duct. At the base of the scales on 
the sides of the body too, at least for 3 or 4 rows 
above and sometimes also below the lateral line, there 
appear somewhat larger, triangular spots, one on each 
scale, apparently forming longitudinal streaks along 
the sides. 
The continental range of the Sperlin-Bleak in 
Central Europe is about the same as that of the 
Bleak, and the species occurs in similar localities, but 
not in such numbers. The Germans call it Aland- 
bleclce, Schusslaube, Schneider , etc.; in France it is most 
commonly known as the Spirlin ( Eperlan de Seine). 
It has only once been found within the limits of the 
Scandinavian fauna: Feddersen records (1. c.) the tak- 
ing of a specimen in Fake Scanderborg (Jutland) in 
July, 1877. 
Genus LEUCABRAMIS. 
Beginning of the dorsal fin situated at a distance from the tip of the snout less than three times the length of 
the head. Length of the base of the anal fin less than V 5 (77V 2 — 19 %) of that of the body , and also less than 
that of the head. Pectoral fins shorter than the longest ray in the dorsal fin. Tip of the snout projecting in 
front of the mouth. Scales firmly attached , Leuciscine in texture. 
Among the Abramidine species hitherto described 
from Europe there are two — probably, however, varie- 
ties of the same species — Abramis vimba and Abramis 
elongatus ( melanops ), which seem to be assigned by the 
development of the anal fin to a place beside Alburnus. 
The form of the dorsal fin — comparatively long and 
low — also divides them from the true Breams; but the 
most important difference consists in a carina, formed 
by the bent scales of the median line, at the dorsal 
edge of the tail behind the dorsal fin. One of these 
two species, if it is still to be regarded as such — 
Siebold suggests that it should be interpreted as a 
variety due to a constant life in rivers, without mi- 
gration to lakes or the sea — belongs to Russia and 
Germany (S. E. and N.). The second is our well- 
known 
