ABRA MI DINES. 
799 
THE ZARTHE ( sw. yimman). 
LEUCABRAMIS VI MB A. 
Plate XXXV, fig. 3. 
Scales in the lateral line about 60 ( 58 a — 61). The dorsal fin begins at least a little in front of the middle of 
the body, and the distance between it and the tip of the snout ( about 48 — nearly 50 % of the length of the body) 
is less than 4 / 5 of that between the anal fin and the same point. Height of the dorsal fin less than ') 5 of the 
length of the body. Pharyngeal teeth not hooked, compressed, with smooth ( terete or one-grooved) and almost 
terminal masticatory surface, and set in one row: 5 — 5. 
Fig. 198. 
Pharyngeal bones and pharyngeal cartilage of Leucabramis vimba, natural size; a, left pharyngeal seen from above; b, the same 
seen from without (the left); c, pharyngeal cartilage. 
R. br. 3; D. 
3 12 
A _ p _ y _ . 
17— 20 r ’ ' 15—17’ ' 9 d ’ 
C. .r?+l + 17 + l+ jr; L. lat. 58 a — bl; L. tr. 1: 
5 — 6 
Vert. 46. 
Syn. Capito anadromus, Gesn., Hist. Anim ., lib. IV, Paralip., p. 11. 
Nasus, Schonev., Ichthyol. Slesv. Hols., p. 52. Cyprinus 
Capito anadromus dictus, Art., Ichthyol., Syn. Pise., p. 8. 
Cyprinus rostro nasiformi, dorso acuminato, pinna ani ossi- 
culorum viginti quatuor, Art., ibid., Gen. Pise., p. 6 ; Syn. 
Pise., p. 14; Descr. Spec. Pise., p. 18; Lin., Fn. Suec., 
ed. I, p. 123. 
Cyprinus Vimba, Lin., Syst. Nat., ed. X, tom. I, p. 325; Bl., 
Fiscli. Deutschl., pt. I, p. 38, tab. IV; Retz., Fn. Suec. 
Lin., p. 359; Pall., Zooyr. Ross. Asiat., tom. Ill, p. 322 
(+ Cypr. carinatus, p. 323); Ekstr. (subg. Abramis ), Vet.- 
Alrad. Handl. 1830, p. 184; Nilss., Prodr. Ichthyol. Scand., 
p. 31; Cuv., Val. (Abramis), Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. XVII, 
p. 65; Kr., Danm. Fisk., vol. Ill, p. 400; Nilss., Skand. 
Fn., Fisk., p. 322; Sundev. (Cyprinus), Stockh. L. Hush. 
Sallsk. Handl. 1855, p. 82; Hckl., Kn. (Abramis), Siiss- 
wasserf. Ostr. Mon., p. 109; Widegr. (Cyprinus), Fiskfn., 
Fisher. Norrb. L ., Landtbr. Akad. Hand]. 1861, p. 7 (sep.); 
Dyb. (Abramis), Cypr. Livl., p. 183; Sieb., Siisswasserf. 
Mitteleur., p. 125; Mqrn, Finl. Fiskfn. (disp. Helsingf. 
1863), p. 41; Gthr, Cat. Brit. Mus., Fish., vol. VII, p. 
303; Malm, Gbgs, Boh. Fn., p. 566; Bncke, Fiscli., Fischer., 
Fiscliz. O., W. Preuss., p. 120; Mela, Vert. Fenn., p. 329, 
tab. X; Mob., Hcke, Fiscli. Osts., p. 117; Reut., Sundm., 
Finl. Fisk., tab. I; Lillj., Sc., Norg. Fn., Fisk., vol. Ill, 
p. 304. 
In Sweden the ‘Zarthe’ attains a length of at least 
37 cm., including the whole of the caudal fin. Spe- 
cimens of this size have been forwarded to the Royal 
Museum from Norrkoping on the Motala River. 
The body is deeper than in Alburnus, but shal- 
lower than in Abramis, the greatest depth, at the be- 
ginning of the dorsal fin, varying between about 26 
and 32 % of the length to the end of the middle cau- 
dal rays, and the least depth (least depth of the tail) 
between about 9 and 1 0 1 / 2 % of the same. It is rather 
strongly compressed, with almost vertical sides; the 
greatest thickness of the head is about 2 / 5 °f the great- 
est depth of the body, which is generally not much 
thicker, though in gravid females the thickness of the 
abdominal region may be half as great as its depth, 
or a. little more. The dorsal profile shows a more or 
less distinct break at the occiput, and at this point 
rises in a faint curve which soon passes into an almost 
straight line, interrupted only by a slight elevation at 
the beginning of the dorsal fin. The upper and lower 
profiles of the head converge in front with fair regu- 
larity at an angle of about 60°. The ventral profile 
is more curved in front and behind than the dorsal; 
but at the middle, in front of and behind the ventral 
a Sometimes 54, according to MSbius and LIeincke. 
6 7 — 9, according to Krgyer. 
c Sometimes 21, according to Krgyer. 
d Sometimes 8, according to Dybowski; sometimes 10, according to Siebold. 
Scandinavian Fishes. 
101 
