992 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
THE ANCHOVY. 
STOLEPHORUS ENCRASICHOLUS. 
Fig. 250. 
MaxiUaries rounded at the hind extremity , and not extending behind the articulation of the lower jaw, but about 
equal in length to the base of the anal fin ( somewhat longer or shorter ), which is at most about 2 / 3 “ of the length 
of the head, or 7 10 of the postabdominal length, or 85 % of the length of the peduncle of the tail, which is 
greater than the length of the lower jaw. Dentition feeble and without canines, but complete. Greatest thickness 
of the body about 2 / 3 (63 — 70 %) of its greatest depth, which measures about 14 — 17 % of its length. Least 
depth of the tail about 3 / 10 (29 — 31 %) of the length of the head. No spinif erous scales, or only vestiges thereof, 
at the ventral margin. No sharply defined, silvery band embedded in the skin along the sides of the body. 
Fig. 250. 5 'tolephorus enerasicholus , cp- Natural size. Taken at Striimstad in 1878, C. A. Hansson. 
R. br. 12—13; D. 3 - ; .4. - ; 
13—15 15*— 16 
C. #+1 + 17 4- 1+<j?; L. lat. 44 — 50 ; L. tv. 
P. ; V. 
15—16 6 
7; Vert. 46—47. 
Syn. Halecula, Belon, Nat., Divers. Poiss., p. 167. Enerasicholus, 
Bond., De Pise., p. 211. Lycostomus balticus, Schonev., 
Ichthyol. Slesv. Hols., p. 46, tab. V (fig. inf.). Clupea 
maxilla superiore longiore, Art., Ichthyol., Gen. Pise., p. 7 ; 
Syn. Pise., p. 17. Anchois et Melet, Duham., Pitches, pt. 
II, sect. Ill, p. 457, tab. XVII, fig. 5; sect. VI, p. 157, 
tab. Ill, fig. 5. 
Clupea Encrasicolus, Lin., Syst. Nat., ed. X, tom. I, p. 318; 
Bl., Naturg. Fische Deutschl., pt. 1, p. 212, tab. XXX, 
fig. 2; Retz., Fn. Suec. Liu., p. 354; Pall., Zoogr. Ross. 
Asiat., tom. Ill, p. 212; Cuv., (subg. Engraulis ), Reyn. 
Anim., ed. I, tom. II, p. 175; Risso ( Engraulis ), Eur. Mer., 
tom. Ill, p. 454; Cuv., Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. XXI, 
P- 7, 
tab. 607 ; Kr., Damn. 
Fisk., 
vol. Ill 
, p. 
221 ; 
Nilss., 
Slcand. Fn., Fisk., p. 
531: v. 
Bemm. 
in Herkl., 
Boniest 
. Fn. Nederl., pt. Ill, 
p. 383; 
G-thr, 
Cat. Brit. 
M/is., 
Fish., vol. VII, p. 385 
; Coll., 
Forh. 
Vid. 
Seb k. 
Cbrnia 
1874, Tilleegsh., p. 194; 1879 
, No. 
1, p. 
. 99; 
N. Mag. Naturv. Cbrnia, Bd. 29 (1884), p. 112; Malm, 
Gbgs, Boh. Fn., p. 569; Wxnth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, 
ser. 3, vol. XII. p. 47 ; Mor., Hist. Nat. Poiss. Fr., tom. 
Ill, p. 460; Day, Fish. Gt., Brit., Irel., vol. II, p. 206, 
tab. 138, fig. 1: Mob., IIcke, Fisch. Osts., p. 142; Peter- 
sen, Vid. Meddel. Naturh. For. Kbhvn 1884, p. 159; Lillj., 
Sv., Norg. Fish., vol. Ill, p. 33; Ehrenb., Sonderbeil. 
Mittheil. Sekt. Ktist., Ilochseef., Jahrg. 1892 (D. Fisch. Ver.). 
Engraulis meletta, Cuv., R'egn. Anim., edit. 2, tom. II, p. 323 
(ex Duham.). 
Engraulis vulgaris, Nilss., Proclr. Ichthyol. Scancl., p. 25. 
The Anchovy sometimes attains a length of 2 dm. c , 
but is commonly no more than 12 — 15 cm. long. As 
we have already mentioned, it is characterized by an 
elongated body, fairly terete both at the dorsal margin 
and the ventral, and of a handsome and regular, fusi- 
form shape, pointed in front. Only the head is com- 
pressed below, its sides converging towards each other. 
The pointed snout is one of the most distinctive char- 
acters belonging to the Anchovy and its nearest con- 
a 65 — 6 0 1 /., % in our specimens. 
b Sometimes 14, according to Day. 
c 20 1 2 cm., according to Ehrenbaum. 
