1056 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
Greeks the genus bore the names of Ellops a , Antaceus b , 
and several others, the application of which is, however, 
disputed. In mediaeval times the name of Sturio was 
coined from the Teutonic Stoer, which according to W OR- 
mitjs c is the same as the Scandinavian stor (great), but 
according to Gesner'' should be derived from the Teutonic 
storen (to root, stir up the bottom), a reference to the 
method practised by the Sturgeons in procuring their food. 
THE STURGEON (sw. storen). 
ACIPENSER STURIO. 
Plate XLVI, fig. 1. 
Dorsal bucklers mesocentric ( with the boss uppermost in the middle , and sloping forwards and backwards). Num- 
ber of plates in the upper lateral row as a rule less than 37 e . Length of the snout about l / 2 (53 J — 42 %) of 
that of the head , which occupies about 27 — 20 % of that of the body. Width of the mouth , which , when pro- 
truded , is square with rounded angles, at most about 2 / 3 of the breadth of the snout, at the barbels. Barbels 
terete, simple ( not fimbriated g ), and shorter than the distance between them and the anterior margin of the mouth. 
Base of the dorsal fin less than 1 / 12 of the length of the body. Length of the pectorals less than V 4 of the 
distance between the ventrals and the tip of the snout. 
V. 
R. hr. 0; D. 
26—27(30); C. 
30—40(44); A. 
26 — 29 super. 
80 — 100 infer. 
23—26(30); 
P. 36—40(42); 
Syn. Acipenser sive Sturio , Sohonev., Ichthyol. Slesv. Hols., p. 9. 
Sturio, Willughb., Hist. Pise., p. 329, tab. P. 7, fig. 3. 
Acipenser corpore tuberculis spinosis aspero, Art., Ichthyol., 
Gen., p. 65; Synon., p. 91; Lin., Fna Suec., ed. I, p. 101; 
It. Scan., p. 187. 
Haae-Storje (Sturio), Str6m, Sondm. Beskr., pt. I, p. 286. 
Styria, Olafs., Reise Isl., pt. II, p. 711. 
Acipenser europceus, Lin., Mus. Ad. Frid., p. 54, tab. XXVIII, 
fig- 2. 
Acipenser Sturio, Lin., Syst. Nat., ed. X, tom. I, p. 237 ; 
Mull., Zool. Dan. Prodr., p. 39; Bl., Fisch. Deutschl., 
pt. Ill, p. 89, tab. LXXXVLII; Retz., Fna Suec. Lin., 
p. 309; Ekstr., Vet. Akad. Handl. 1831, p. 104; Nilss., 
Prodr. Ichthyol. Scand., p. 109; Bdt, Ratzeb., Medic. 
Zool.., vol. II, pp. 17 et 352, tab. Ill, fig. 1 et M — S; 
Parn., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist Soc., vol. VII, p. 403; Bonap., 
Fna Ital., Peso. (tom. Ill, 2 ), tab. 129, fig. 1; Yarr., Hist. 
Brit. Fish., vol. II, p. 475 et Suppl. (Richards.) II, p. 7; 
Kr., Damn. Fisk., vol. Ill, 2 , p. 747; Nilss., Sic, arid. Fna, 
Fisk., p. 699; Hckl, Kn., Siisswasserf. (Jstr. Mon., p.362; 
Mgrn, Finl. Fiskfna (disp. Helsingf. 1863), p. 70; Malm, 
Gbgs Vet. Vitt. Samh. Handl., Ny Tidsf., H. VIII (1863), 
p. 102; Steind., Stzber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Naturw. 
CL, LIII, 1 (1866), p. 204; v. Bemm. in Herkl., Bouwst. 
Fna Nederl., tom. Ill, p. 318; Lindstr., Gotl. Fisk., Gotl. 
L. Hush. Sallsk. Arsber. 1866, p. 24 (sep.); Hum., Hist. 
Poiss. (N. Su. a Buff.), tom. II, p. 184; Gthr, Cat. Brit. 
Mus., Fish., vol. VIII, p. 342; Coll., Fork. Vid. Selsk. 
Chrnia 1874, Tillsegsh., p. 205; 1879, No. 1, p. 102; N. 
Mag. Naturv. Chrnia, Bd 29 (1884), p. 115; Malm, Gbgs, 
Boh. Fna, p. 604; Winth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kblivn, ser. 3, 
vol. XII, p. 55; Fedders., ibid., p. 93; Mor., Hist. Nat. 
Poiss. Fr., tom. I, p. 471; Bncke, Fisch., Fischer., Fiscliz. 
O., W. Preuss., p. 191; Id. in M. v. d. Borne, Handb. 
Fiscliz., Fischer., p. 181; Doderl., Man. Ittiol. Medit ., pt. 
II, fasc. I, p. 6; Jord., Gilb., Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 16, 
p. 85; Mela, Vert. Fenn ., p. 362, tab. X; Mob., Hcke, Fisch. 
Osts., p. 149; Day, Fish. Gt. Brit., Irel, vol. II, p. 280, 
tab. CL; Lillj., Sv., Norg. Fislc., vol. Ill, p. 488. 
Acipenser Lichtensteinii, Bl., Schn., Syst. Ichthyol., p. 348, 
tab. 69; Bdt, Ratzeb., 1. c., pp. 21 et 352, tab. II, fig. 1. 
Acipenser oxyrhynchus, Mitch., Trans. Lit., Phil. Soc. N. York, 
vol. I, p. 462 (+ 7 A tip. sturio, p. 461 = Acip. brevi- 
rostrum, Lesueur, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. I, p. 390); 
Dek., N. York Fna, pt. IV, p. 346, tab. LVIII, fig. 189; 
Stor., Mem. Am. Acad. Arls, Sc., vol. VIII, p 431, tab. 
XXXV, fig. 4; Dum., 1. c., p. 106. 
Acipenser latirostris, Parn., 1. c., p. 405, tab. XXXIX. 
Acipenser huso , Thomps., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. XX, 1847, p. 
172; Sundev., Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1853, p.228. NecLiNNE. 
Acipenser Thompsonii, Ball, Proc. Irish Acad., No. 25, p. 21; 
Tiiomps., Nat. Hist. Irel, vol. IV, p. 245. 
Acipenser liospitus, I\r., 1. c., p. 780. 
Acipenser sturioides , Malm, Gbgs Samh. Handl., 1. c., p. 108; 
Gbgs, Boh. Fna, p. 605. 
“’EXXoxp, Aristot., Zool., lib. II, capp. 13 et 15. 
h Herodot., Hist., lib. IV, cap. 53. 
c Cf. Cttarleton, Onomast . Zoic., p. 152. 
d De Aquat., p. 932. 
e The specimen described by Richardson, (in Yarr., Brit. Fish., ed. 2, Suppl. II, p. 21) from the Free Kirk College of Edinburgh, 
with 38 plates in the upper lateral row on the right side and 40 on the left, has been shown by GOnther to belong to the American spe- 
cies Acipenser rubicund, us, which may thus be assumed lo have strayed into European waters. But Day (Fish. Gt. Brit., Irel., vol. TI, p. 
279) questions the Scottish origin of the specimen. Malm counted in a Swedish specimen 38 plates in the said row. 
f In a young specimen — probably an exceptional case — 57 %, according to KrOyer. 
9 In old Sturgeons, however, the barbels are sometimes broader, compressed, and more or less distinctly fimbriated. 
