168 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
Triglops Pingelii is known in Greenland", Jan- 
Mayen Island * 6 and Spitzbergen as a. fairly rare species. 
It was not until 1877 that the British Museum was 
successful in obtaining a specimen. The Swedish ex- 
peditions to Spitzbergen, however, have taken it at se- 
veral spots in the northernmost parts of these islands 
and in Stor Fjord, at depths varying from 3 or 4 up 
to 105 fathoms. The Vega Expedition brought home 
a small specimen, taken at a depth of 15 fathoms, north 
of their winter-quarters in Behring Strait, and two 
females 154 mm. in length, taken at a depth of 30 
fathoms, off Port Clarence. The geographical extension 
of the species is thus circumpolar. On the coast of 
America, according to Jordan and Gilbert, its range 
extends from Greenland as far south as Cape Cod. In 
Norwegian Finmark it was found in 1866 by Esmark 
at a depth of 30 fathoms, off Hammerfest, and by 
Loberg near Vadso. It has been met with by G. 0. 
Sars near the Lofoden Islands at as great a depth as 
150 fathoms, and also off Christiansund. Collett also 
mentions a specimen, a gravid female 163 mm. in 
length, from North Cape, and several others, the largest 
of which was 80 mm. in length, from the neighbour- 
hood of Tromso. It must be regarded, however, as 
one of the rarest Scandinavian fishes. Its occurence in 
the Cattegat is, therefore, highly remarkable. A spe- 
cimen 13 cm. in length (excluding the caudal fin) was 
taken here by Mr. A. Svensson, taxidermist to the 
Royal Museum, during a visit to Traslof, near Varberg, 
in the summer of 1867. It was subsequently stuffed 
by the same gentleman, and presented to Christianstad 
Museum. By the kindness of Lecturer Wahlstedt we 
have been enabled to examine this specimen. In it 
we find _D. 1 0] 20 ; A. 22; P. 17; there thus being an 
uncommonly small number of rays in the second dorsal 
fin. The black spots below the lateral line, too, are 
united into a broad, undulating, longitudinal stripe, 
extending as far as the caudal fin, and more continuous 
and distinct than those we have seen in arctic speci- 
mens. These differences, however, can scarcely be re- 
garded otherwise than as individual peculiarities. 
The food and the manner of life of this species 
are probably the same as those of the preceding one, 
even if, as Collett states, it be still more truly a 
bottom-fish. This opinion is borne out by the forma- 
tion of the lower rays in the pectoral fins, which are 
free to a still greater extent of their length, and by 
the help of which it probably creeps or flounders along 
in exactly the same way as the Gurnards. Collett 
estimates the number of eggs in a female 102 mm. in 
length at five or six hundred. 
Genus COTTUS. 
dorsal fins. Skin naked or with spines or spinous tubercles. Head fairly large , but never more than 
Uppermost preopercular spine simple , straight or curved. Palatine bones toothless , 
Brancliiostegal membranes either united by a free fold across the isthmus or sepa- 
U ill-slit behind the fourth branchial arch wanting or shrunk into a hole. Less than 20 rays 
in the anal fin. 
Two distinct 
1 / 3 of the length of the body, 
but the vomer with teeth, 
rated by the latter. 
With the limitations generally given to this genus 
at the present time, it contains some forty more or 
less known or recognised species 0 . As Artedi in his 
arrangement of the genus gave the first place to the 
River Bullhead ( Cottus gobio), this species has been 
adopted as the true type of the genus d , and when Gi- 
rard, in 1849°, formed a special genus to receive the 
fresh-water Cotti , which in America seem to be far 
more numerous than in the Old World, basing his ar- 
guments on the weaker spinous equipment of the head, 
the less marked division between the head and the body, 
the smaller mouth and the lower dorsal fin of these 
species, he retained the name Cottus for this genus and 
gave the other Cotti the generic name Acantho cottus. 
a Reinhard, Malmgren, LDtken and Gunther, 11. cc. 
6 Collett, 1. c. ; at a depth of from 70 to 263 fathoms. 
c Jordan and Gilbert recognise 34 North American species of this genus. 
d Cuv., Val., Ilist. Nat. Poiss., vol. IV, p. 143. 
e Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. Ill, p. 183. 
