COMMON SEA-SNAIL. 
287 
occur near shore, having probably come there to spawn. 
The food of this species is composed of Gammaricls and 
other small crustaceans, and small shellfish. It is of 
no importance to the fisherman. Its geographical range 
extends .from Norwegian Finmark to the southern coasts 
of England and Ireland". On the west coast of Sweden 
it goes as far as the Sound, where it was first dis- 
covered oft’ Landskrona by Schagerstrom. On the 
Danish side it has also been found fairly often oft' Helle- 
biek. In the Great Belt, according to Winther, two 
specimens about 100 mm. long have been taken in Eel- 
pots. It has also been found oft’ Moen and in the 
Little Belt; but in the Baltic itself it is unknown. 
Whether it occurs on the coast of Greenland, seems ac- 
cording to the results of Lutken’s investigations 6 , to be 
a matter of doubt; but according to Jordan and Gil- 
bert it occurs on the American side of the Atlantic, 
on the coast of Massachusetts. 
THE COMMON SEA-SNAIL. 
CYCLOGASTER LIPARIS. 
Plate XV, figs. 7—10. 
Rays of the dorsal fin 32 — 45% of the anal fin 26 — 38. Least depth of the tail less than 10 % of the length 
of the base of the anal fin. Length of the caudal fin less than 66 % of that of the head. Distance between the 
anal fin and the vent less than V 3 of that between the former and the tip of the snout , and, the distance between 
the vent and the tip of the snout more than V 4 
R. hr. 6; D. 32— 45 c ; A. 26—38; P. 32—42; V. 6; 
C. x+10 -r.»; Vert. 46 — 50 d . 
Syn. a: forma microps. 
Liparis nostras , Willughby, Hist. Pise., App., p. 17, tab. II. 
6, No. 1. 
(Jyclopterus Liparis, Lin., Syst. Nat., ed. XII, tom. I, p. 414; 
Fabr., Fn. Groenl., p. 135; Bl., Ausl. Fisclie, Th. 1, p. 48, 
tab. CXXIII, fig. 3 et 4. 
(Jyclopterus lineatus , Lep., N. Comm. Acad. Petrop., tom. XVIII, 
p. 522, tab. V, figg. 2 et 3; Kr. {Liparis), Voy. Scand., 
Lapon., celt (Gaim.), tab. 13, fig. 2; Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, 
ser. II, vol. II, p. 284; ibid., ser. Ill, vol. I, p. 244; Ltkn, 
Vid. Meddel. Naturh. For. Kbhvn 1860, p. 174; ibid. 1861, 
p. 243, tab. VII, fig. 1; Mgrn, Ofvers. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 
1867, p. 262; Coll., Vid. Selsk. Forh. Christ. 1874, Tillaigsh., 
p. 65; ibid. 1879, No. 1, p. 41; Id., Norsk. Nordli. Exped. 
1876 — 78, Zool., Fiske, p. 50; Id., N. Mag. Naturv. Christ., 
Bd. 29, p. 65; Mela, Vert. Fenn., p. 285, tab. IX ; Jord., 
Gilb., Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 16, p. 742; Lillj., Sv., 
Norg. Fisk., vol. I, p. 688. 
Liparis vulgaris, Eljing, Brit. Anim., p. 190; Gthr, Cat. 
Brit. Mus. Fish., vol. Ill, p. 159; Wthr, Naturh. Tidskr. 
Kbhvn, ser. Ill, vol. XII, p. 20; Day, Fish. Gt. Brit., Ire!.., 
vol. I, p. 184, tab. LVI, fig. 1; M0 b., Hcke, Fisclie d. 
Osts., p. 57. 
Liparis harbatus, Ekstr., Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1832, p. 169, 
tab. V; Kr., Danm. Fiske, vol. II, p. 534; Nilss., Skand. 
of the length . of the body. Two pairs of nostrils. 
Fn., Fisk., p. 237 ; Loven, Ofvers. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1862, 
p. 465; Forh. Skand. Naturf. M. Sthlm 1863, p. 62; Mgiin, 
Finl. Fisk, (disp.) Helsingfors 1863, p. 18; Ofvers. Vet.- 
Akad. Forh. 1864, p. 510; Lindstr., Gotl. Lans Hush. Sallsk. 
Arsber. 1866, p. 16 (sep.); Esm., Forh. Skand. Naturf. M. 
Christ. 1868, p. 525. 
Liparis tunicatus, Rkinh., Danske Vid. Selsk. Naturv., Math. 
Afh., Deel 6 (1837) Overs., p. CXI; Kr., Naturh. Tidskr. 
Kbhvn, ser. Ill, vol. 1, p. 236; Ltkn, Dijmpha-Togtets 
zool. hot. Udb., p. 151. 
Liparis Fabricii, Gthr, 1. c., p. 161; Liparis lineata -r arctica 
+ Fabricii + major, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. l’hilad. 1864, 
p. 191: Liparis gibbus, Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 
IV, p. 148. 
Liparis gelatinosus, Peters, Die Zw. Deutsche Nordpolarfahrt 
(1869/70), vol. 2, p. 171, tab. 1, fig. 2. 
b: forma megalops. 
Liparis Fabricii, Kr., Voy. Scand., Lapon. cett. (Gaim.), tab. 8, 
fig. 2; Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, ser. II, vol. II, p. 274; ser. Ill, 
vol. I, p. 235; Mgrn, Ofvers. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1864, p. 513; 
Ltkn, Dijmphna Togt., 1. c., p. 146, tab. XV, figg. 4 et 5. 
? Liparis ranula, Goode et Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 
2 (1879), p. 46. 
Liparis lineatus, var. Fabricii, Sm., Gt. Intern. Fish. Exhib. 
London 1883, Swed. Cat., p. 176. 
Obs. In their extremes the two varieties of this species, as 
shown, for example, in the figures of both in Kroyer and LOtken 
a As Moreau {Hist. Nat. Poiss. Fr., vol. Ill, p. 353) states the number of the vertebra? in his Liparis vulgaris, at 32 or 33, it 
seems probable that Cyclogaster Montagui also occurs on the north part of the west coast of France. 
,J Dijmphna Togtet, 1. c., p. 143. 
c Sometimes 49, according to LOtken. 
,l 42, according to Gunther; sometimes 53, 
according to Lutken. Malmgren found 45 and 46 in specimens from Spitzbergen. 
