294 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
between them in an adult state. Even Cyclopterus 
partially retains the external similarity to the tadpole; 
but the marked development of the forepart of the 
body and its deeper (shorter) form, together with the 
singular covering of the skin, give Cyclopterus a greater 
resemblance to Ostracion or Diodon, to which fishes 
this genus was partly united even by Artedi and 
LlNNiEUS®. 
The genus contains only two species, both of north- 
ern and Arctic origin, but only one, the more southern 
species — distinguished by the shorter head, the larger 
gill-openings, the longer rays in the second dorsal, anal 
and caudal fins, the more or less complete dermal co- 
vering of the first dorsal fin, and the dermal plates, 
arranged partly in rows, on the body — is known to 
belong to the Scandinavian fauna. 
THE LUMP SUCKER (sw. sjuryggen). 
CYCLOPTERUS LUMPUS 
Plate XVI. 
Length of the head less than 1 / 3 of that of the body. Least depth of the tail more than x / 4 of the length of the 
head, and the length of the caudal fin more than 3 / 3 of the latter. Gill-openings extending downwards in front 
of the upper part of the base of the pectoral fins. Longest rays in the second dorsal and the anal fins measur- 
ing more than 14 % of the length of the body. First dorsal fin, in adult specimens, so completely overgrown that 
sometimes no f ree rays are externally visible. The large dermal plates arranged in distinct, longitudinal, 
elevated rows on the body. 
R. br. 6 ; D. (6 — 8) 
Vert. 28 1. 29. 
- 1 — ; A. — — P. 20; V. 6 ; C. x + 9 + x; 
(9)10’ 9(10)’ 
Syn. Cyclopterus , Art., Gen. Pise., p. 61; Syn. Pise., p. 87; Cyc- 
lopterus s. Lumpus, Lin., It. Gland , p. 110; Fn. Suec., 
ed. I, p. 103; It. Scan., p. 188; Ascan., Icon. Rer. 'Nat., 
tab. XXXIV. 
Cyclopterus heptayonus , Lin., Mus. Ad. Frid., I, p. 57. 
Cyclopterus Lumpus , Lin., Syst. Nat., ed. X, tom. I, p. 260; Fabr., 
Fn. Groenl ., p. 131; Mohr, Isl. Naturh., p. 61; Retz., Fn. 
Suec. Lin., p. 327; Palmstr., Qvens., Sw., Svensk Zool., 
No. 52; Ekstr., Vet.-Akad. Hand]. 1831, p. 100; Pall., 
Zoogr. Ross. As., vol. Ill, p. 72; Nilss., Prodr. Ichth. Scand., 
p. 61; Ivr., Damn. Fiske, vol. II, p. 490; Nilss., Skand. 
Fn., Fisk., p. 232; Gtiir, Cat. Brit. Mus., Fish., vol. Ill, 
p. 155; Mgrn, Finl. Fisk. (disp. Helsingf.), p. 17; Lindstr., 
Got!. L. Hush. Sallsk. Arsber. 1866, p. 16 (sep.); Coll., 
Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1874, Tillaegsh., p. 63; Seidl., Fn. 
Balt., pp. 29 et 122; Malm, Gbgs, Boh. Fn., p. 445; Bncke, 
Fisch., Fischer., Fischz. O. und W. Preuss ., pp. 85 et 201; 
Winth., Naturh. Tidskr. Kbhvn, ser. 3, vol. XII, p. 19; 
Mor., Hist. Nat. Poiss. Fr., vol. Ill, p. 349; Day, Fish . 
Gt. Brit., Irel., vol. I, p. 179; Mela, Vert. Fain., p. 284, 
tab. IX; M6b., Hcke, Fisch. Osts ., p. 58; Jord., Gilb., Bull. 
U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 16, p. 747; Lillj., Sv., Nnrg. Fisk., 
vol. I, p. 718; Hansen, Zool. Dan., Fiske, p. 39, tab. VI, 
figg. 11 et 12. 
Cyclopterus minutus, Pall., Spic. Zool., fasc. VII, p. 12, tab. 
III, figg. 7 — 9: Mull. (Rathke) ( Gohius ), Zool. Dan., fasc. 
IV, p. 38, tab. CLIV. B, figg. 1 — 3; — juv. liujus spec., 
vide Fries, Vet.-Akad. Hand]. 1838, p. 226, tab. IV, fig. 1, 
a — c; v. Dub., Kor., ibid. 1844, p. 116, tab. Ill, fig. 8, a — c. 
Cyclopterus pavoninus, Shaw.; Cycl. coeruleus , Mitch.; Lumpus 
Anglorum (Wii.lughby), Dekay, Storer; Cyclopterus corona- 
tus, Couch: — vide Day, 1. c. 
Adn. : Forma baltica eharacteribus juvenilibus et pinnis D et A 
altioribus distinguitur. 
In Sweden and on the coasts of Europe the Lump 
Sucker probably never exceeds a length of 6 dm. and 
a weight of 5 1 / 2 kgrm., and is generally much smaller 6 . 
The females are, as a rule, larger and, especially during 
pregnancy, thicker than the males. A gravid female 
46 cm. long, according to Nilsson, weighs 3 2 / 5 kgrm. 
According to Buckland, a female 5 dm. long and 3 
a (J r i)is ran£B rictu and Or bis spinosus in Clusius, Willughby and Ray, Crayracion ore rictu ran a; and Crayracion scutatus in Klein. 
are synonymous with Ostracion rotundo-oblongus, tuberculis utrinque, pinna dorsi longissima and Ostracion subrotundus, aculeis undique brevi- 
bus planis, ventre glabro, in Artedi {Gen., p. 59; Syn., p. 86), and Diodon raninus and Diodon spinosus in Linnjsus {Syst. Nat., ed. X, 
tom. I, pp. 335 and 336), both of which were subsequently referred by Linnjsus {Syst. Nat., ed. XII, tom, I, p. 414) to Cyclopterus lumpus. 
b MSbius and Heincke state the maximum length of the Lump Sucker at 12 dm.; Storer (Mem. Amer. Acad., VIII, part. 2, p. 404) 
states that the largest specimen he had seen weighed 1 8 3 / 4 lbs. = 8 1 /A kgrm. The largest specimen belonging to the Royal Museum is 485 
mm. in length , and was taken in Norwegian Finmark (1837, S. Loven). 
