352 
SCANDINAVIAN FISHES. 
Sound, after depositing their spawn, pass into the Baltic, 
whence they return in autumn in splendid condition. 
The fishery is carried on in accordance with these 
circumstances. Though the flesh of the Garpike is some- 
what dry, as we have mentioned, its flavour, no less 
than its colour, resembles that of the Mackerel; and 
though it is disliked by many people on account of its 
green bones and the rank smell of new-caught specimens, 
it forms an excellent dish, boiled or smoked, and is a 
catch by no means to lie despised. In the open sea, it 
is often taken in the Mackerel-nets. During the spawn- 
ing-season it resorts to the fishing-grounds on the coast, 
and is then taken in the common seine. In the Sound, 
during the greater portion of the autumn, Garpike are taken 
in “bottom-nets” (fig. 93, a), stationary tackle, a kind 
of stake-net, constructed on the principle of the common 
traps, but provided with a ground-net for the chamber, 
Genus SCC 
Both jaws (the under one most so) elongated into a nan 
two rows of extremely small teeth. Several finlets behim 
The genus Scombresox, which, according to Couch, 
was probably known even to the Greek writers 0 ppi an 
and /Elian, who are said to have called it Ilierax or 
Ilirax (Sea-hawk), received from Rondelet the name of 
Saurus , and in 1803 was introduced into the system 
by Lacepede under the name of Scomberesox. It has 
subsequently been known by Rafinesque as Sayris. The 
juvenile stage, previous to the elongation of the snout, 
was named Grammiconotus by Costa*/ Lutken 7 has 
“ Nouv . Diet . Gen . d . Peches , p. 565. 
6 See SchagersteSm and Kroyer. 
c See Krgyer. 
d Gbrjs , Boh . Fn . 
e Ann. Mrs. Zool. Nap., Anno I, p. 55, tav. I, fig. 4. 
f Vid. Selsk. Skr., 5 Rfekke, Naturv. Math. Afd., XII, p. 565 
0 The Royal Museum possesses a specimen 200 mm. long, 
however, state that the species attains a length of about 350 mm. 
which is lifted up in examining the net. The Garpike 
is also taken on the hook, though not very often in 
Scandinavia. According to Blanchere" this fishery is 
carried on on the French coast, during the Mackerel 
season, with the same bait and in the same manner. 
Nordmann states that in the Black Sea the Circassians 
and Abkhasians catch these fish with bright-coloured 
balls of raw silk, which they fasten to the lines instead 
of bait. The Garpike is attracted by the colour, en- 
tangles its teeth in the threads, and is thus captured. 
On the coasts of Germany, according to Bloch, the Gar- 
pike in former times was mostly speared by torchlight. 
In many countries the Gar pike-fishery is very va- 
luable. In London, where in spring large quantities of 
Garpike are often brought to market, its cheapness then 
renders this fish a common article of food, according to 
Yarkell. In Denmark and Scania, this is also the case 
in spring and autumn b . In the Cattegat the largest 
catches are made oft' Lasso*/ A large proportion of the 
Garpike taken here are conveyed to Gothenburg; and in 
1856 Malm** estimated that the supply of Garpike during 
the spring and summer, chiefly from this island, num- 
bered about 1,188,600, with a value of about £2050 
(37,000 Swedish crowns). In Holland, where the Garpike 
is taken in great abundance, but held in low esteem as 
an article of food, it, is employed principally as bait, 
especially during the Cod-fishery. 
ow and long or at least pointed beak, armed with one or 
l the dorsal and anal fins. Body elongated, and compressed. 
rendered it a very doubtful point whether more than 
two species of this genus are known. One of these 
species, the Pacific Scombresox brevirostris, from Cali- 
fornia, has a comparatively short beak, the lower jaw 
being of about the same length as the preorbital part 
of the head, and the upper jaw exactly like that of 
Hemiramphus, and in the adult state * 6 * thus corresponds 
to one of the juvenile stages (b or c ) in Lutken’s figure 
(see above, p. 346) of the Scandinavian species, 
Peters’ type-specimen was of the same length. Jordan and Gilbert, 
