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Hieracium caesium? “Wankmill Bay, Orphir, Orkney, August, 
1873. It is with much doubt that I name this plant caesium , as that 
so-called species is not understood by me. The plant nearest to this 
supposed Orkney caesium is the H. vulgatum , var. rosulatum , mentioned 
below. A root brought from Orkney is now in my garden, which 
gives me the means of contrasting it with H. vulgatum , var. rosula- 
tum,, cultivated under precisely the same circumstances. The root- 
leaves of the Orkney plant are broader, darker, and duller green 
above and more glaucous beneath, thicker and much harsher to the 
touch, than in II. rosulatum. The stem-leaves (which in each form 
as cultivated) vary from one to four, are more narrowed at the base, 
the peduncles have more numerous black hairs, the phyllaries 
are broader, the inner ones much more obtuse and more folded at the 
end over the apex of the bud, all of them clothed with more 
numerous black hairs, the flowers are larger, the styles livid from 
being clothed with minute hairs, which are dark-coloured from the 
time the flower opens.” 
Hieracium vulgatum , var. rosulatum , Syme “ E. B.,” ed. iii., Kirk- 
caldy, etc., Fife, 1873-4. “ This is by far the most common species of 
Hieracium in this part of Fife, and also in those parts of Scotland 
where I have botanised. I separate it in English Botany as a variety, 
on account of its thin leaves, mostly radical, and few (1 to 3) stem- 
leaves. Besides this, on examining the living plant, I find there is 
another character which appears to b e constant. The fresh styles are 
bright yellow. It is not until the flower begins to fade that the 
minute hairs on the styles assume a darker colour, so as to become 
slightly livid. I have not in cultivation the ordinary form of II. 
vulgatum , which is common in the South of England, with numerous 
stem-leaves and thicker, often evanescent, root-leaves, so that I have 
not the means of comparing the styles of these two varieties. But 
the difference between the styles of R. vulgatum, var. rosulatum, from 
those of the Orkney plant, supposed to be caesium and H. maculatum, 
cultivated from Plymouth is very marked. They are, indeed, much 
more similar to H. pallidum, which I have also in cultivation from 
Orrock Hill in this neighbourhood, where it is extremely scarce 
June, 1875.” 
Hieracium strictum, Fries, Hobbestee Bocks, Orphir, Orkney, 
August, 1873, and ? near Devil’s Mill on the Devon, Kinross, August, 
1874. 
Hieracium strictum is another form which I do not profess to 
understand. The Crook of Devon plant seems to me the same as one 
named H. strictum by Mr. Backhouse, and received by Mr. Baker 
