BIRDS OF THE FOREST BORDERS AND GRASS-LANDS 133 
timbered ranges, and open forests. It procures its food either among 
the leaves and branches or on the ground. When in flight it spreads its 
tail, and flits along with a jerky motion. Food: insects and their larvae. 
Nest . — A dome-shaped structure with an entrance at the side, slightly 
protected by a small hood. It is composed of grass and bark, bound 
together with cobwebs and feathers, sometimes with hair or fur ; lined with 
soft materials. Generally built between a piece of loose bark and the 
trunk of a tree, or in a shallow hole or a niche in a tree ; sometimes in a 
low bush or in a grass-tree. 
Eggs. — Three or four, white or fleshy- white, sprinkled with freckles 
and small irregular-shaped spots of light red to rich brownish-red, the 
markings being chiefly confined to the larger end. Breeding-season: 
August to December. 
15. Chestnut-tailed Thornhill Acanthica uropygialis Gould 
ur-o-pyg-i-a-lis — Gk, ura ( oura ), tail; Gk, pyge, rump, tail. 
Distribution. — Southern half of the Australian continent. 
Notes . — Also called Chestnut-rumped Tit and Chestnut-rumped Tit- 
warbler. Usually in pairs or small flocks, frequenting chiefly the scrubs 
of the dry inland districts. It is a restless species, always on the move, 
uttering a little twittering call-note as it searches for food on the ground 
or in the bushes. It also has a cheerful little song. Food: insects and 
their larvae. 
Nest. — A domed structure with an entrance at the side, composed of 
bark and grass, bound together with cobwebs; lined with feathers. Gener- 
ally placed in a hollow in a dead tree-trunk or a fallen log; mostly the 
entrance is through a crack or knothole. 
Eggs . — Usually three, fleshy white, freckled all over, but more so at 
the larger end, with reddish-brown markings. Breeding-season: July and 
August to December. 
16. White-fronted Chat Epthianura albifrons Jardine and Selby 
— 16A. Female 
Ep-thi-an-ur'-a — derivation unknown: al’-bi-frons — L., albus , white; L., 
frons, forehead. 
Distribution . — Southern Queensland to Victoria to south-western 
Australia, and Tasmania. 
Notes. — Also called Tang, Banded Tintac, Ringlet, Nun. Clipper, 
Dotterel, Jenny-wren, Ballyhead, Gar, Bumps, Moon-bird, and Ringneck. 
Usually in pairs or small flocks, frequenting chiefly open country studded 
with low bushes, or swampy localities. In certain districts it is a resident 
species, but generally it is a nomad. It is a sprightly bird, and spends 
most of its time on the ground. Its call-note is a metallic “tang/’ Food: 
insects of various kinds. 
