46 
TH^:  TKOPICAL  AGRICUI/rURIST. 
[July  c,  1895. 
to  iiii.^mana>>('im'nt,  am!  to  the  want  of  interei<t 
taken  in  tlmir  coolies  liy  some  of  the  younger 
generation  of  |)lanters.  lake  so  many  of  his  com- 
[leers,  Mr.  Skrine  lias  kanganies  wholia\e  Itetm  with 
him  since  iie  began  felling  in  Dikoya,  while  the  rate 
of  advances  on  his  force  of  coolies  is  ridicnlonsly 
low.  Much  mischief  is  done,  in  his  opinion, 
through  inexperienced  men  trying  to  save  ex- 
]ienditure  after  a foolish,  shortsighted  way— hy 
cutting  down  the  weetling  contract,  or  rate  for 
pruning  or  other  work — rendering  coolies  dissatis- 
lied  ami  ])erha[»s  getting  had  work  ilone.  He  has 
tried,  on  the  other  liand,  to  he  liberal  in  sucli  mat- 
ters while  insisting  on  good  work,  and  he  has  thus 
always  had  enough  of  coolies  and  a reserve 
from  weeders  to  put  on  plucking  when  an  urgent 
“ flush  ” was  in  hand.  All  the.se  and  other  hints 
ought  to  he  carefully  consiilered  by  young  plan- 
ters ; hut  let  not  the  grand  and  only  etieotive 
remedy  for  a deficient  cooly  supply  he  ignored, 
namely  the  completion  of  the  Ixuo-Ckvlox 
R.vilw.w. 
Wo  trust  Mr.  Skrine  will  have  a pleasant  time 
at  home,  and  while  in  London  that  he  will  put  iu 
a strong  word  with  absentee  pro|>rietors  ami 
agents  about  the  imi)ortauce  of  Railway  com- 
munication between  India  and  Ccvlon. 
FUR  FIMII,  lU'US  (SC.VLF  INSK('TS),  Ac. 
[I  ha\e  taken  (he  (uudosed  fixmi  ;i  ‘‘  R('port 
of  M'ork  of  the  .\gricult ural  FxiK'rimmdal  Stalion 
" the  I’niversity  of  California,’'  just  receivcil 
of 
of 
useful 
It  ou'dit  to  i>e  nsetui  to  jdanters  .ami  to  embody 
in  your  Triiph'nl  Afirintll iiri'it. — Cor.] 
For  I’oWilery  Mildews  use  sulphur,  dusting  it 
on  i>lants. 
P’or  l''nngi  in  general  use  l.ordoaux  mixture, 
made  .as  follows;  I'or  every  in  gallons  take  I 
nound  of  lime  and  1 pound  of  hlnestone.  Dis- 
solve these  separately  in  hot  water  and  mix 
when  cool  adding  the  rest  of  the  water.  Spray  on 
the  \dants.  Ur  spray  with  ammoniacal  copper 
carbonate  solution,  made  as  follows: — Dissolve 
1 ounce  of  copi>er  carbonate  in  (i  ounces  of 
animonia  and  add  10  gallons  of  ^\.ltel. 
For  Fungi  and  Scale  Insects  use  liim',  salt, 
and  sulphur  mixture,  a winter  wash  comnoseil 
of  lime  S ])Oumls,  .salt  3 ))ounds,  and  snlphur 
4 pounds,  for  e.ach  Pi  gallons  of  water.  Mix 
one-four(h  of  the  water,  one-fourth  of  the  lime, 
and  all  the  sulphur,  and  boil  for  one  and 
hour;  put  (he  salt  with  the  rest 
lime  and  sljike  with  hot  water; 
the  above  and  boil  half  an  iiour 
add  the  remainder  of  the  water 
amf  apply  as  a spray. 
For  Scale  Insects  use  rosin  soa|i,  as  follows  : — 
For  lUn  gallons  for  summer  use  (ake  rosin  IS 
pounds,  caustic  soda  {!»S  jier  cent)  3.\  pounds, 
and  lish  oil  'Jt  pinis;  for  winter  u.se,  rosin  3U 
pounds,  can  die' soda  dl  ))0unds,  ami  lisli  oil  -lA 
nints.  Tlie  material  is  put  in  a kettle  and 
covered  with  I or  .3  inclics  of  water.  The  lid  is 
imt  on  and  the  mixture  boiled  two  hours  or 
jiiore,  and  then  the  rest  of  the  water  is  addeil, 
a little  at  a time.  Spray  on  the  iilants.  Ur 
use  the  gas  treatment:  Cover  the  plant  with  an 
oiled  teid.,  and  for  each  100  cubic  feet  of  con- 
tents place  in  a bowl  bimoath  the  tent  r,  ounce 
f water,  \ ounce  of  sulphuric  acid,  (oil  of  \ itriol), 
and  "ounce  of  potassium  c.y.anide  (oS  per  cent), 
iK'im''  careful  not  to  inhale  the  poisonous  gas 
nor  'to  allow  it  to  escape  from  the  tent  for 
Imlf  an  hour.  The  h-.aves  may  be  injured  if 
used  during  the  middle  of  the  day. 
a half 
of  the 
a<ld  to 
longer ; 
For  insects  in  general  i»se  kero.sine  emulsion, 
as  follows  : Make  <a  soap-.solution  of  half  a 
pound  of  soap  to  a gallon  of  water.  Heat  it  to 
boiling  and  add  two  gallons  of  kerosine.  Rump 
it  through  the  sjiray  |)uni|),  with  good  pressure, 
for  five  to  ten  ininutes.  For  use  add  ten  times 
as  much  water  as  you  have  of  emulsion.  Ap- 
jily  as  a sjiray.  Sour  milk  may  he  useil  instead  of 
the  soaj)  solution.  The  emulsion  is  made  more 
ellective  by  the  addition  of  a very  small  amount  of 
arsenic  to  the  soap  solution,  or  of  buhach”  to  the 
kerosine. 
For  Fruit  or  Leaf-eating  insects,  use  Paris  green 
or  London  pur[)le  as  a powder  at  the  rate  of  1 
to  .3  pounds  to  the  acie  distributed  by  walking 
or  riding  over  the  field,  carrying  a pole,  at  both 
ends  of  which  are  hung  muslin  bags  containing 
the  poison.  A.s  a spray  use  1 pound  to  200 
gallons  of  w'ater.  In  spraying  these  arsenites  the 
nozzle  should  be  held  at  some  distance  from  the 
plant  and  no  more  should  be  applied  .after  the 
leaves  begin  to  drip.  Do  not  use  these  on  crf>ps 
where  the  poison  would  lie  injurious  to  healtli. 
♦ 
PRODUCE  IN  AM.STERDAM. 
Consul  Win.  Robinson,  in  Ids  Report  to  the  Earl 
of  Kimberley  on  the  trade  of  Anisterdain  iu  1S<I4, 
states  : — 
Any  hopes  of  a revival  iu  trade  and  commerce 
which  may  have  been  entertained  at  the  close  of  the 
year  ISUM  were  doomed  to  severe  disaiipointmcnt. 
Coi'i  KK.—  The  total  importation  of  coffee  into  Hol- 
land in  l.S'.H  w'as  l‘21,l)00.0(M)  lb.  .Java  sent  about 
H5,000  bags  more  than  in  IS'K!.  Macassar  and  Sumatra 
sent  but  small  supplies.  Prices  of  good  ordinary 
•Java  ruled  very  steadily  throughout  the  year.  Pros* 
pec'.s  for  1895  are  not  unfavourable  as  respects  the 
size  of  the  .Java  crop,  although  this  will  not  be  so 
large  as  the  present  one. 
Ti;a. — The  demand  for  tea  was  very  slack  in  the 
first  months  of  1.894,  w'ith  gradually  declining  prices, 
which  reached  their  lowest  point  in  .July  and  August; 
towards  the  close  of  the  year  there  was  a better  de- 
mand, and  advanced  rates  were  obtainable.  The 
market  closed  very  firm.  The  sales  in  1894  showed 
a not  inconsiderable  increase  over  1.893,  the  greater 
proportion  being,  as  usual,  Java  tea.  British  India, 
not  blended,  does  not  meet  the  Dutch  taste,  but  some 
English  mi.xers  of  cheap  blended  teas  have  succeeded 
in  finding  a market  hoie  for  their  produce. 
Coco.v. —The  importation  of  .Java  cocoa  in  1894  was 
about  50  per  cent,  larger  than  in  1893.  The  finest 
descriptions  sold  in  F’ebruary,  1894,  at  84d  to  9d  per 
lb.,  but  in  conse(iuencc  of  the  absence  of  demand,  the 
price  fell  to  about  7d  per  lb.  at  the  close  of  the  year, 
having  touched  fijd  in  October. — and  C.  Erpicss, 
May  10. 
TE.V  IN  UAI.UU'ITA. 
Tui;  Fii:.8T  oi-'  Till.;  Sk,V8on'. 
The  opening  tea  sale  of  the  present  season  in  f'al- 
cutta  was  held  on  J'hursday  last.  According  to  the 
local  corres]jondent  of  the  /'ibacrr,  an  unusual  amount 
of  interest  attached  to  it,  owing  mainly  to  the  great  ad- 
vance in  tea  shares  that  has  recently  been  seen.  It  is 
not  explained  how,  exactly,  this  was  supposed  likely  to 
affect  the  sale,  but  w'e  may  presume  that  some  ])eople 
considered  that  a rise  in  tea  shares  indicated  a com- 
ing rise  in  the  tea  market ! Any  such  gentlemen  can 
hardly  look  back  with  unmixed  i)leasure  the  actual 
results  of  the  sale,  for.  now  that  this  is  over,  opinions 
differ  as  to  whether  it  was  satisfactory  or  the  reverse. 
The  correspondent  already  referred  to  says  that,  com- 
pared with  the  opening  sale  of  last  season,  medium 
class  teas  were  lower,  but  in  desniptions  valued  not 
higher  than  74  annas,  and  on  the  other  hand  in  the 
finest  descriptions,  prices  wore  fully  maintained.  The 
tea-brokers  aro  of  opinion  that  on  tho  whole  the  saly 
