April  i.  1896.J 
THE  TROPiCAL  AGRICULTURIST. 
665 
Duncan,  Dan.  Vom  Miasbranch  heisser. . .Spoiscni 
und  Getriiuke,  Sonderlich  des  Coffee,  Chocolate  und 
Thee.  Leipzig.  1707.  8o.  [12o.] 
Durante,  Caxtnre.  Herbario  nuovo. . . Ilora. . . vi  si 
posto  iufiue  I'herbe  the’,  caffe’,  ribes  de  gli  Arabi,  e 
cioccalata.  Venetia.  1081.  fol. 
Eant  Indian  Tea  Tree.  De  Oostindische  Thee  Boom, 
getrekken  of  veeler  hande  gezangen,  &c.  [A  song- 
book.]  Deventer.  1777.  8o. 
East  Indies^  Les  Indes,  le  Pays  du  The’.  (6  plates). 
R.  O.  Hearson.  Loudon.  [1839.]  IGo. 
East  Indies,  The  Tea  Trade.  A... report  of  the 
...proceedings  at  the  East  India  House,  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  March  Sale,  &c.  London.  [1834.]  8o. 
East  Indies.  East  India  Company.  Sale  List  of  the 
India  Company’s  December  Tea  Sale,  1823.  (March. 
June  1824.)  London.  1823,  4.  fol. 
Ea  t Indies.  E ist  India  Compawi.  Sale  List  of 
the  East  India  Company’s  December  Tea  Sale,  1827. 
[London.  1827.].  fol. 
Edyar,  John  ITare,  Note  on  the  Reports  on  Tea 
Cultivation.,  .submitted.,  .to  the  Govt,  of  India.  See 
Bengal.  Papers  regarding  the  Tea  Industry  in  Bengal, 
&c.  1873.  8o. 
Effects.  The  good  and  bad  Effects  of  Tea  consider’d 
...T'o  which  are  subjoin'd  some  considerations  on 
afternoon  tea-drinking,  &c.  London.  1758.  8o. 
EllD,  John.  Geschichte  des  Thees  and  Kaffees. 
Leipzig.  1775.  See  L/ttsom,  J.C. 
ElUssen,  Adolf . Thee  und  Asphodels-bliithen.  Chi- 
nesische  und  neugriechische  Gedichte,  &c.  Gottingen. 
1810.  12o. 
Eloy,  Kic.  Franc.  Jos.  Reflexions  sur  I’usage  du 
the’.  Montpellier.  1750.  12o. 
Elsholz,  L.  von.  Theerbliitter,  deutsche ; hervor- 
gerufen  geptiegt  durch  L.  von  E.  Ac.  Miinchen. 
1833-40.  4o. 
Elg,  Elisha  31ills.  Observations  sur  I’usage  du  the’, 
d’aprl's  les  auteurs  les  plus  auciens,  &c.  Paris.  1827. 
18o.  See  MiUeshj,  8. 1 
Emmerich,  George.  Theeologia,  ejusque  infusum. 
Itesp.  C.  F.  Neithard.  See  Croclisius,  C.F.  Regis- 
monti.  1698.  4o. 
English  I'eople.  Le  Peuple  A'  glais  bouffi  d’orgueil, 
de  biere  et  de  the’,  juge’  au  tribunal  de  la  raison. 
Pai'is.  an  IX.  1803.  8o. 
Essay.  An  essay  on  tea,  sugar,  white  bread  and 
butter,. . .and  other  modern  luxuries.  Salisbury, 
1777.  12o. 
Essay.  An  essay  on  the  nature,  use  and  abuse  of 
tea,  &c.  f For  the  second  edition  see  Physician 
London.  1722.  8o. 
Etienne,  . Traite  des  glaces,  du  cafe’,  du 
chocolat  et  du  the’.  1875.  8o. 
Europe.  Le  The’  del’Europe;  ou  les  proprie’tez  de 
la  Ve’ronique,  &c.  [By  N.  Andry  de  Boisreyard.\ 
Paris,  1704.  8o.  [1746, 7.  12o.] 
Europe.  A view  of  the  rise,  progress  and  present 
state  of  the  Tea  Trade  in  Europe.  [By  li.  ll'i.ssett.j 
[London?  1801.]  8o. 
Evenings.  Evenings  at  the  Tea  Table.  London. 
1871.  16o. 
{To  be  continued.) 
FRUIT  TllEE  ROOTS. 
"Widely  extended  observation  has  convinced  me  that 
few  greater  mistakes  are  made  in  cultivation  than 
by  neglect  of  the  roots  of  plants  under  our  care. 
Early  in  my  gardening  career  this  truth  was  im- 
pressed upon  my  mind  by  many  lessons  from  a 
respected  tutor,  and  subsequent  experience  has  served 
to  confirm  it  in  every  respect.  Whether  we  are 
dealing  with  plants  in  pots  grown  under  artificial 
conditions  as  to  heat  and  protection,  or  with  occu- 
pants of  the  open  ground,  the  results  are  similar. 
VVork  connected  with  potting  or  planting  is  too 
often  carelessly  or  thoughtlessly  performed,  because 
the  innnediate  neglect  is  concealed,  but  the  effects 
are  sure  to  become  a apparent  later  ou,  when  it 
may  be  too  late  to  repair  the  mischief.  It  is 
most  difficult  to  convince  beginners  what  delicate 
and  important  organs  the  roots  of  all  plants  are, 
and  I have  found  close  supervision,  repeated  and 
patient  instruction,  or  sometimes  stern  reproof 
needed  before  the  matter  is  properly  grasped. 
But  it  was  not  my  intention  to  discourse  upon 
root  neglect  generally  just  now.  I wished  to  point 
out  with  regard  to  fruit  trees  one  little  attention 
that  all  should  receive  at  planting  time-immely, 
cutting  the  damaged  ends  of  the  loots  cleanly,  so 
that  they  can  heal  quickly  and  thoroughly.  Thousands 
of  trees  are  planted  as  they  are  received  from  the 
nursenes.  Probably  the  roots  are  spread  out  carefully 
and  the  planting  done  in  a correct  in  all  other 
lespects,  but  a large  proportion  of  the  labour  is  lost 
when  that  one  point  is  overlooked.  It  is  as  necessary 
to  cut  the  roots  ends  smoothly  and  sharply  if  fresh 
feeding  fibers  are  desired  as  it  is  to  maki  a dean 
section  of  a cutting  to  be  rooted. 
Sonie  Years  ago  I was  present  at  a lecture  de- 
livered by  Mr.  J.  Wright  in  the  Crystal  Palace 
when  the  chief  subject  under  consideration  was,  the 
treatment  of  fruit  tree  roots  at  planting  time  and 
the  subsequent  results.  Diagrams  were  employed  to 
illustrate  what  was  being  explained,  and  one  of  the 
most  striking  was  that  which  depicted  the  effects 
produced  by  cutting  the  tips  of  roots  cleanly  as 
compared  wth  rough  hacking  or  non-attention  to 
trimming.  Such  results  had  come  under  my  notice 
many  times  in  actual  practice,  but  I had  never  seen 
the  matter  so  clearly  illustrated  before,  and  that 
appeared  to  be  the  general  opinion  of  those  present 
It  13  so  importiint  that  I thought  a few  examples 
would  serve  to  call  attention  to  it  now.  Speciniens 
are  therefore  enclosed,  cut  from  roots  of  dwarf  \nn'n 
trees  planted  last  year,  and  which  have  just  been 
lifted  to  enable  some  alteraticns  to  be  made  in  the 
garden.  They  are  fair  examples  of  several  hundreds 
and  were  not  esjiecially  selected. 
Fig  81  (Worcester  Pearmain'  on  the  Paradise 
stock)  IS  a portion  of  a root  that  was  improperly 
cut.  The  lower  portion  has  not  healed,  and  the  onlv 
new  rootlets  produced  are  a few  in  the  upper  nart 
Happily  there  are  not  many  such  unsatisfactorv 
specimens,  as  nearly  the  whole  of  the  root  trimming 
was  done  by  myself  or  under  my  immediate  super? 
Msion.  Fig.  8^  (the  same  variety;  includes  examples 
of  careful  and  clean  cutting,  where  complete  healing 
of  the  wounds  has  taken  place,  and  a quantity  of 
young  feeding  rootlets  have  been  produced  from 
]f.,  tissue  formed  round  the  cut  ed-re  • 
while  in  one  case  the  whole  of  the  cut  surface  has 
been  covered  with  fresh  cellular  growth,  which 
emitted  a thicket  of  fibrous  roots.  The  value 
such  growth  as  this  compared  with  the  former  can 
not  be  misuuaerstood.  In  the  latter  the  trees  had 
not  only  recovered  from  the  check,  but  they  were 
even  in  a better  condition  as  regards  their  roots 
than  they  were  at  the  first  planting.  Fig  83  is  from 
he  same  variety  of  Apple  on  the  Crab^  stock,  a^d 
IS  sent  to  show  the  m ,rked  difference  in  the  stvle 
of  root  growth  in  a very  early  stage,  ihe  roots  few 
straight,  and  comparatively  fibreless.-^A  Biutish  G?u’ 
DENEii.— JoitrnnZ  of  lorticulture, 
URAAGE  CULTIVATION  IN  CEV'LON. 
Mr  A.J.  Pearson  on  His  New  Scheme. 
Our  London  correspondent  (wo  weeks  ntrr. 
readers  some  idea  of  the  plans  Mr  A J iw 
in  view  for  growing  oraliges  and  leinons  Tn  ^ 
i^as  hitherto" bemi'^aT- 
Mr  Pearson  in  Uie  cour;;  ^^“ini^^vi^^P^ljf 
feel  sure,  be  read  with  interest  M.-  p will,  we 
Ceylon  well  having  resided  in  the  inland  im- sever 
before  ho  went  to  Australia,  and  there  ^ 'I 
on  fruit  culture  for  the  last.  _ A®, 
on  fruit  culture  for  the  last’ five  yearn®  ,,  — 
estate  (of  some  60  acres)  at  Mildur  i Behm 
jvh.l  he  hea  fonnd  !'«  ‘1“* 
likely  to  be  even  more  so  if  tried  in  r<  7 
availed  himself  of  a trip  to  England  to 
young  orange  trees  from  the  Mfidurn^  m-? 
plant  them  up-countrv,  at  the  same 
some  that  he^^  had  se.lt  up  prev  0031^7^^ 
to  Mr  J.  Brown  of  Mess}^ 
Hatton.  He  found  the  latter  doiim-  ve.  v ^ iV°‘  ° 
though  he  has  not  yet  had  an  opp?rtuuftv"^nf  ’ 
those  more  recently  planted,  he  lays  he\as 
