685 
April  t,  1896.]  PHE  TROPICAL  AGRICULTURIST. 
coastlands.  but  being  a liardicr  plant,  and  thriving 
best  on  a lighter  and  less  fertile  soil,  is  conducted 
on  a slightly  more  elevated  plateau  than  it.  Both 
industries  are  alike  in  offering  a very  wide  field  for 
expansion,  and  a demand  far,  far  larger  than  pro- 
duction can  reach  for  many  years  to  come. — 11.  and 
C.  Mail,  Feb.  ‘28. 
ORANGES,  LIMES,  AND  COFFEE. 
THE  HAWAIIAN  LAND  AND  IJU’IIO VEMENT  COMDANV  S 
KST.VTE. 
When  men  who  have  established  and  managed 
successfully  large  and  extensive  suga.r  plantations 
upon  these  islands,  leave  the  line  of  their  beaten 
track  and  engage  in  other  enterprises,  it  means  to  the 
average  mind  something  deserving  of  more  thaupassing 
note.  It  shows  that  minds  trained  to  business,  with  sa- 
gacity born  from  experience  and  success  in  all  their 
undertakings,  active  from  constant  contact  with 
others  of  like  character,  seem  in  the  distance 
the  trend  of  future  enterprise  and  industries, 
and  with  their  desire  to  be  in  the  lead  in  the 
new  as  well  as  the  old  pursuits,  they  at  once 
seek  to  secure  that  advantage  which  diligence 
gives,  and  will  insure  the  success  they  so  like. 
So,  when  the  promoters  of  the  Hawaiian  Land  and 
Improvement  Company  secured  several  thousand  acres 
of  Mr.  W.  H.  Shipman’s  large  tract  of  laud,  best 
suited  to  coffee  raising  and  fruit  culture,  the 
coffee  growers  and  fruit  raisers  in  Hawaii  at  once  felt 
encouraged,  and  these  industries  received  a new  im- 
petus. When  persons,  who  so  long  acted  on  the 
belief  that  sugar  alone  is  king  and  the  only  pro- 
duct of  worth  here,  and  thought  all  other  pursuits 
must  be  subordinate  thereto,  embark  in  coffee  grow- 
ing and  fruit  culture,  it  is  because  they  believe  in 
its  success  and  future  prosperity.  That  these  men 
knew  their  ground  well  and  had  good  reason 
for  their  action  and  for  the  selection  made 
for  their  operations  is  now  fully  corroborated. 
While  but  little  in  comparison  with  their  pro- 
posed plan  has  been  accomplished,  yet  enough  is 
done  to  fully  warrant  the  statement  that  their  enter- 
ijrise  is  a success. 
It  is  truly  gratifying  to  look  over  their  operations 
and  note  the  evidences  of  abundant  promise.  Through 
the  kindness  of  Manager  Bop  we  were  shown  over 
the  properties  of  the  Hawaiian  Ijand  and  Improve- 
ment Co.  It  comprises  several  thousand  acres  of  the 
choicest  land  in  Hawaii  for  coffee  raising  and  fruit 
culture,  being  between  the  ten  and  eleven  mile  post 
on  the  Volcano  road,  joining  it  and  to  the  right 
thereof,  extending  to  and  into  the  forest,  so  that  nearly 
two-thirds  of  their  holdings  are  forest  lauds.  It  is 
divided  up  into  lots  of  various  sizes,  each 
of  which  is  to  be  reached  by  good  roads 
directly  from  the  line  macadamized  road  leading  from 
Hilo  to  the  volcano.  It  all  faces  the  sea  which  is 
clearly  visible.  The  laud  itself  is  of  the  a-a  forma- 
tion,  covered  with  a rich  leaf  mold.  It  can  be  easily 
cleared  and  made  ready  for  a crop  of  coffee  or  fruit 
at  a small  cost.  The  company  and  those  closely 
connected  therewith  have  now  about  fifty  acres 
cleared  thirty-seven  of  which  is  planted  to 
oranges  and  limes,  eleven  acres  will  be 
planted  to  coffee,  all  of  which  is  now  ready  and 
some  planted.  Theoranges  and  lime  planted  are  thrifty 
and  doing  well,  the  variety  used  the  navel,  shipped 
from  southern  California,  three  shipments  having  been 
m.ade,  two  of  which  were  quite  successful,  the  othei 
partially  so.  The  limes  are  grown  on  the  place  from 
seed.  The  coffee  plants  are  also  grown  m nurseries  on 
the  place.  The  company  now  has  over  2,000  lime  trees 
standing  in  their  nursery  and  many  coffee  plants. 
While  it  has  been  the  policy  of  the  company  hereto- 
foic  to  ship  their  trees  from  California,  in  the  future  it 
will  be  its  policy  to  grow  seedlings  from  the  native 
orange  and  to  bud  in  tiio  California  navels.  It  is 
claimed  that  these  oranges  will  ripen  and  reach  the 
Pacific  coast  markets  during  the  months  in  which 
the  California  oranges  are  yet  unripe. 
This  company  certainly  can  be  congratulated  on 
its  foresight,  and  upon  the  success  which  it  now  can 
rest  assured  is  an  accomplished  fact.  Navel  oranges 
will  grow  here  as  well  as  in  California,  and  in  quanti- 
ties to  fully  supply  all  the  market’s  demand.  Limes 
will  grow  in  quantities  and  quality  to  be  a success, 
and  this  large  tract  of  laud  is  now  without 
doubt,  proven  to  be  especially  adapted  for  the  suc- 
cessful growing  thereon  of  oranges,  limes  and  coffee. 
Much  of  the  success  which  this  company  has  met 
with  must  be  attributed  to  the  thorough  manner  in 
which  their  land  has  been  handled,  the  care  bestowed 
in  the  clearing  and  preparing  for  planting,  and  in 
the  setting  out  of  plants  and  the  cultivation  bestowed 
thereon  thereafter.  No  one  can  fail  to  realize  this 
upon  an  examination  of  the  land  of  the  Hawaiian 
Land  and  Improvement  Company. — Hilo  Tribune, 
Deo.  14. 
CITRONELLA-OIL  ARBITRATION. 
One  of  the  topics  widely  discussed  in  Mincing 
Lane  drug  circles  during  the  past  two  or  three  weeks 
has  been  the  progress  of  an  arbitration  case  relat- 
ing to  a parcel  of  citronella  oil,  the  invoice  value  of 
which  was  about  BOOL  As  it  is  possible  that  more 
may  be  heard  of  this  case,  we  refrain  on  this  occa- 
sion from  mentioning  the  names  of  any  of  the  parties 
connected  with  it,  and  simply  present  the  following 
outline  of  facts  : — 
On  December  10  1 ast,  a London  drug-firm  purchased, 
through  a drug-broker,  four  drums  of  citronella  oil, 
weighing  about  7 cwt.  each,  at  Is  8Jd  per  lb.  which 
was  then  the  market  price  of  the  drug.  The  article 
was  offered  by  the  broker,  as  “ Citronella  oil,  as  per 
sample  herewith,”  for  delivery  during  January  or 
February  1896,  but  the  buyer  does  not  appear  to 
have  exercised  any  special  care  in  the  examination 
of  the  sample  before  accepting  the  offer.  The  con- 
tract was  dated  December  19.  It  is  written  on  an 
ordinary  form,  bearing  on  the  back  (as  all  such  doc- 
uments do)  a clause  to  the  effect  that  disputes 
must  be  referred  to  arbitration,  according  to  the  rules 
of  the  London  Produce  Brokers’  Association.  The 
contracts  reads  : — “ Bought  by  your  order  and  for  your 
accounts  four  drums  citronella  oil  . . . as  per 
samples  in  your  possession.”  On  January  17,  the 
broker  tendered  the  goods  to  his  buyer,  who 'then 
applied  for  samples  representing  the  average  quality 
of  each  of  the  four  drums.  These  arrived  and  were 
apparently  subjected  to  a closer  scrutiny  (although 
no  analytical  tests  seem  to  have  been  applied)  than 
had  been  bestowed  upon  the  first  sample.  The  re- 
sult of  the  examination  was  altogether  unsatisfactory. 
The  buyer  sent  for  the  broker  and  expressed  the 
opinion  that  the  oil  was^  not  up  to  the  fair  standard 
of  quality.  He  also  then  asked,  we  understand,  for 
the  name  of  the  ship  in  which  the  goods  had  come. 
It  should  here  be  observed  that  it  is  the  rule  in 
transactions  of  this  kind  either  to  ask  for  t he  name 
of  the  ship  at  the  time  of  purchase,  or,  in  forward 
contracts,  to  do  so  when  the  time  for  delivery  is 
near.  This  gives  the  buyer  the  security  that  the 
goods  are  of  direct  import— i.c.,  will  be  handed  the 
him  in  the  same  state  in  which  they  arrive.  In 
this  case  the  buyer  appears  not  to  have  exercised 
that  precaution.  When,  however,  the  quality  of  the 
goods  was  challenged  the  broker  said  that  the  oil  was 
“land  carriage ’’—that  is  to  say  that  it  came  from 
a private  warehouse.  This,  the  buyer  declares,  came 
to  him  as  news,  and  confirmed  him  in  his  decision 
to  refuse  the  tendered  parcel.  The  broker  there- 
upon stated  that  he  would  communicate  with  his 
principal,  whose  name  then  transpired  for  the  first  time. 
The  principal  held  the  buyer  to  the  contract,  stating 
that  the  sale  had  been  by  sample,  and  the  goods 
were  equal  to  that  sample.”  Each  of  the  parties  then 
named  a produce-broker  as  arbitrator.  The  arbitra- 
tors failed  to  agree,  and  called  in  an  umpire,  who 
decided  that  the  bulk  was  eipial  to  the  sample,  and 
that  therefore  the  buyer  was  bound  to  accept  deli- 
very. The  buyer  then  offered  to  forego  the  goods 
ac  the  price  paid  for  them,  notwithstanding  that  in 
the  meantime  the  market  price  of  citronella  oil  had 
advanced  from  Is  8^d  to  2s  per  lb.  This  the  seller 
also  declined,  and  thereupon  the  question  was  referred 
to  a committee  of  the  London  Broduce  Brokers’  As- 
