368 
Supplement  to  the  “ Tropical  Agriculturists 
[Nov.  2,  1896 
1 
Date. 
'arm  during  the  year  1895. 
Recei  pts. 
Amount. 
1895. 
Rs . c. 
January  . 
February 
..  Realized  by  sale  of 
milk,  manure,  &c.. 
Do.  ... 
1,628  39 
1,465  68 
March 
Do.  ... 
1,272  74 
April 
Do 
1,153  89 
May 
Do.  ... 
1,310  8) 
June 
Do.  ... 
1.329  62 
July 
Do.  ... 
1,429  17 
August 
Do.  ... 
1,458  13 
September 
Do.  ... 
1,380  .58 
1,371  75 
October 
Do.  ... 
November 
Do.  ... 
1,436  62 
December 
Do.  ... 
1,513  32 
Payments. 
Paid  to  the  Manager  as  salary  (January 
to  December) 
Paid  to  twelve  coolies  as  salary 
to  December) 
Kxi)ended  in  transporting  milk  to  Hendala 
16,750  69 
Amount. 
Rs.  p. 
480  0 
(^January 
1,440  b 
0 
16.5 
Expended  in  feeding  cows  for  the  year  10,883  17 
Expended  in  medicines  and  disinfectants  112  15 
Expended  in  oil  ...  ...  61  48 
Expended  in  baskets,  brooms,  ropes,  &c.  31  60 
Expended  in  stamps  ...  ...  6 20 
Expended  in  repairs  to  building  and 
utensils  ...  40  0 
Expended  in  the  milk  purcba.sed  ...  1,360  .59 
Net  profit  on  dairy  produce  ...  2,161  50 
Model  Farm  Account,  1895. 
Receipts. 
Total  receipts  for  the  year 
l'^,750  69 
Rs.  c. 
3,000  86 
3,000  86 
£x))enditure.  Rs  c. 
Working  expenses  for  the  year  ...  639  88 
Rent  paid  to  Government  ...  1,.350  0 
Net  profit  ...  ...  1,010  98 
3,000  86 
GENERAL  ITEMS. 
“ Mulch,”  says  the  American  Agriculturist, 
“keeps  the  ground  loose  and  porous,  and  this 
causes  the  moisture  in  the  ground  below  to  he 
drawn  upwards  towards  the  surface.  Tliis  is 
especially  important  in  hot  dry  weather,  for 
nt  such  a time  a plant  can  hardly  have  too 
much  moisture.  How  can  a large  field  be 
mulched  ? By  repeated  cultivation.  The  liglit 
coating  of  soil  on  the  top  acts  very  much  as  does 
a regular  mulch  of  straw  or  leaves,  helping 
plants  wonderfully  in  withstanding  drought. 
Moreover,  the  stirring  of  the  soil  destroys  all 
weedgrowth Farmers,  as  a rule,  do  not 
do  half  enough  in  the  way  of  cultivating  their 
crops  when  growing.  Let  them  try  thorough 
tillage  for  one  season,  and  they  will  be  surprised 
and  delighted  with  the  results.” 
Labour-saving  machines  used  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  the  land  and  cultivation  of  crops  is  one 
of  the  chief  features  in  tlie  Agriculture  of  today. 
While  deep  cultivation  and  subsoilng  are  of 
special  value  in  a large  proportion  of  soils, 
flliallow  or  top-cultivation  is  not  only  irseful  but 
it  becomes  in  all  hot  and  dry  countries  impera- 
tive for  the  growth  of  croi)S  in  all  kinds  of  soils. 
Keeping  a fine  layer  of  soil  on  the  surface  of  the 
ground  does  more  than  anything  else  to  keep 
and  economise  the  moisture  in  the  soil.  It  acts 
as  a mulch,  and  this  is  the  easiest  and  chea])est 
form  in  which  it  can  be  provided Soil 
having  been  once  cultivated  to  a good  depth  by 
ploughing  and  sul)soiliug,  it  does  not  require  to 
he  con.'itantly  turned  over  with  a plough,  but 
wdiat  it  needs  i.s  tlio  constant  stirring  and 
pulverising  of  the  surface.  For  this  purpose 
several  very  effective  implements  have  been 
invented,  M'hich  like  tiie  old  fashioned  harrow 
will  cultivate  a much  larger  surface  with  the 
same  strength  of  team  as  would  be  required 
for  ploughing.  Oa  some  soils  and  in  some 
■seasons  rolling  is  found  very  beneficial  as  it 
tends  to  comp.'ict  the  soil Some  of  these 
surface  cultivating  machines  act  ns  weeder.s, 
while  nearly  all  have  the  power  of  producing 
on  the  surface  finely  pulverised  soil,  which  acts 
as  a mulch  and  prevents  the  evaporation  of 
moisture  from  the  land. 
The  following,  considered  an  excellent  remedy  for 
sore  eyes  appears  in  the  Cape  Agricultural  journal : 
Sulphate  of  Zinc,  three  drachms,  Liquid  Extract 
of  Opium,  three  ounces,  to  be  mixed  in  twelve 
ounces  of  rain  water. 
One  ounce  of  the  mixture  to  half  a pint  of 
water;  of  this  two  ounces  to  be  syringed  (a  small 
glass  syringe  is  best)  into  the  eye. 
A corresiaondent  writes:  I have  used  the 
above  for  two  .seasons  and  fitul  it  an  unfailing 
remedy.  This  season  out  of  thirty  head  treated, 
only  two  or  three  required  a second  application. 
If  possible,  keep  the  affected  boast  (with  me 
mostly  young  cattle)  separte  from  the  herd  as  it 
is  very  contagious. 
Referring  to  Banana  or  Plantain  meal,  the  Vroduce 
world  says : 
The  best  7ueal  is  reported  to  be  made  wdien 
the  fruit  is  green  : just  before  it  i’ij)eua.  It  should 
he  peeled,  and  thei»  cut  into  slices — if  to  bo  dried 
in  the  sun  the  thinner  the  better.  Steel  knives 
should  not  be  ured,  silver  or  nickel  are  the  be.<t ; 
but  substitutes  may  be  made  of  ivory,  bone,  or 
even  baml)oo.  After  cutting  up,  the  slices  may 
be  spread  out  on  a cloth  in  the  sun  to  dry,  or  the 
fruit  maybe  dried  in  .special  ovens.  When  thorough- 
ly dry  the  slices  are  ground  or  pounded  into  meal 
or  flour,  then  sifted  through  a fine  sieve,  and 
all  particles  of  fibre  or  foreign  matter  removed. 
If  the  fruit  is  partially  ripe  it  will  not  dry 
well;  the  dry  portions  will  bo  of  a dark  colour, 
and  spoil  the  quality  of  the  flour. 
Mr.  J.  W.  Crowhurst  and  F.n.c.v.s.  states  that 
in  tieating  warts,  particularly  when  very  small 
and  in  great  mimi)ers,  he  has  found  arsenic  in 
the  form  of  Fowler's  .solution,  produce  good 
I’esults.  The  dose  given  to  cattle  is  about  one 
table.spoonful  once  or  twice  a day  Tor  10  or 
15  day.s.  
Mr.  Long  in  answer  to  Mr,  Ascroft  stated  in 
the  Ilou.se  of  Commons  that  there  were 
10,753, 000  Catlle  and  20, 775, 000  sheep  in  the 
United  Kingdom  at  the  date  of  the  last  retiirn. 
No  official  estimate  of  their  value  exists,  but  if 
B 9 per  head  in  the  case  of  cattle,  and  £ 1 per 
head  in  theca.se  of  sheep  be  taken  as  a fair  average, 
the  value  of  the  cattle  would  be  nearly  .(197,000,000 
and  that  of  the  slice  I 30,000,000. 
