417 
of Edinburgh, Session 1879 - 80 . 
convicts. For each convict so recovered Government pays them five 
rupees. In the great majority of cases the runaways are easily re- 
captured without any resistance, being generally exhausted from 
exposure and want of food. Cases, however, have occurred where 
the escaped convicts have shown fight on being overtaken, and when 
the Andamanese have had to use their bows and arrows (of which I 
shall speak after) with rapidly fatal effect. 
Such then, briefly, is the present relation in which these people 
stand to us, and their general function in the community. I 
may add that yearly they are becoming more tractable. Tribes 
from remoter parts of these islands are voluntarily sending in mes- 
sengers ; these are always well treated, and take away with them 
useful presents and a good opinion of their entertainers. In time, 
then, we may hope to stand in a friendly relation to all these tribes, 
though some still remain who refuse any attempts at conciliation. 
I will not make any detailed remarks on the structural or other 
affinities of these people. These have been treated of in the detailed 
monographs to which I before referred; I will therefore at once 
proceed to my personal experiences. One physiognomical fact has 
appeared to me very noticeable, however, and that is, the remark- 
able diversity of the facial type. Some faces seem to resemble the 
Negraic, some the Malayan, and some even the Aryan in character. A 
reference to the accompanying photo-lithographic illustration (fig. 1) 
will help to render this clearer. Thus the “characteristic,” i.e., the 
most frequent, type of Andaman face would seem to be of a modified 
Negraic variety. I may add, however, that I have noticed less dis- 
similarity to exist between the women’s faces than the men’s. As an 
example of the variety of facial character observable, I would point 
out the man’s face seen in profile in fig. 1, with its comparatively 
straight nose and compressed lips, as distinguished from the man’s 
face (seen full face) next to him with the flat nose and thick pro- 
tuberant lips. "When a number of these people are seen together 
this peculiarity becomes very noticeable. 
In size these people are remarkably small, and I append some tables 
of measurements I have made. From these it will appear that the 
average man does not exceed 4 feet 10 inches in height, with a 
weight of about 101 lbs. ; and the average woman, 4 feet 6 inches, 
with a weight of about 98 lbs. From the figures in the table, I 
