592 
Proceedings of the Royal Society 
height above ground is about 4 feet, and its width 2 feet. 
Level above the sea about 250 feet. Nearest rocks of same kind 
are at Hardens, about 5 miles to N.W., and about 500 feet above 
sea. 
5. In Hutton parish, at Paxton brick-work, buried in boulder 
clay, a blue whinstone boulder, 7J x 4| x 3 feet, weighing about 12 
tons, was found. Its longer axis pointed N.W. by N. In that 
direction, Borthwick Hill near Dunse is situated, distant about 10 
miles. It is the nearest spot for whinstone rock in situ. In the 
same brick-work, small boulders were found of old conglomerate, 
greywacke, chert, and white sandstone. Rocks of these kinds 
occur in Berwickshire to the westward. The brick-coloured por- 
phyries of Kyles and Dirrington hills, situated about 15 miles to 
the west, were found there also. 
Blocks of the same blue whinstone occur on the farms of Broad- 
meadows and Sunwick. Blocks of a peculiar greywacke, of a concre- 
tionary character and black in colour, occur in the Pistol plantations. 
The only rock of that kind known to exist is in the channel of the 
Whitadder, near Cockburn Law, about 14 miles distant to the N.W. 
Blocks of the same peculiar rock occur in great numbers on all the 
farms in the same line. There are specimens of them at Paxton 
House. 
6. At Stitchell Graggs, pebbles of Old Red Sandstone are lying on 
the whinstone rocks, at a height of about 600 feet above the sea. 
Nearest place where Red Sandstone strata occur is some miles to the 
west. On the west sides of these craggs there are smoothed surfaces 
of whinstone rock dipping towards W.N.W. None are seen on any 
other side. At Baillie Knowe , in same parish, about 300 feet above 
the sea, a whinstone hill occurs, presenting on its west side similar 
smoothed portions of rock dipping W.N.W. 
Cowdenknowes Hill , situated in Earlston parish, consists of 
felspar porphyry. Large blocks of this rock are strewed over the 
muirs situated to the east, resting on Old Red Sandstone strata. 
On Smailholm Craggs , about 3 miles west of Stitchell, at a height 
of 570 feet above the sea, rocks facing W.N.W. show striae made by 
some agent coming from W.S.W. 
On Hume Castle Craggs , at height of about 7 40 feet above the sea, 
there are rocks smoothed and striated, in an E. and W. direction. 
