602 
Proceedings of the Royal Society 
(Robert J. Hay Cunningham, “ Highland and Agricultural Society’s 
Trans.” vol. viii. p. 716.) 
Peeblesshire. 
Reference made “ to the boulders of gneiss, granite, and mica 
slate, which belong to rocks unknown in the hills of that county, 
and several tons in weight.” They “ seem to require for their 
transport more powerful agents than mere currents of running water. 
We can scarcely conceive these possessed of sufficent velocity to 
convey masses of such a shape and size along a level plain, still less 
over the summit of hills 1500 or 1600 feet above the level of the 
sea, and across many winding valleys. The most probable means of 
conveyance, not only for these, but for many of the smaller frag- 
ments, seems to be masses of ice floating in an ancient sea, by which 
the highest summits of these hills were then submerged.” — (Professor 
Hicol, “ Highland and Agricultural Society’s Trans.” vol. viii. 
p. 197.) 
Roxburghshire. 
1. Hear Castleton, many blocks of granite — both red and grey — 
lie on the greywacke and also the carboniferous rocks, which must 
have come from hills to the westward in Dumfriesshire or Kirk- 
cudbrightshire, 30 to 60 miles distant, crossing the valley of the 
2. On Ruberslaw, a hill of greenstone, about 200 feet below the 
top, I fell in some years ago with a large block of greywacke. It 
was lying on Old Red Sandstone strata. The nearest greywacke 
rock is situated to the westward about 3 miles. Between these 
rocks and the position of the boulder, there is low ground, at 
least 800 feet below the level of the boulder, which it must have 
crossed to reach its site. — (“ Edin. Roy. Soc. Trans.” vol. xv. p. 
454.) 
3. Hear the village of Hesbit, about 8 miles S. W. of Kelso, there 
is a boulder of small-grained greenstone 8x7x5 feet, identical in 
composition with the rock of Penielheugh, a hill on which stands 
the Waterloo pillar, a structure of about 120 feet in height. 
The rocks where the boulder lies consist of Old Red Sandstone ; 
