1892-93.] 
Dr C. W. Donald on Penguins. 
173 
ScMzopod, of the genus Eupliausia, and the stomachs frequently 
contained a number of pebbles. 
The Black-Throated penguin was seen as far south as lat. 64° 50', 
and I have no doubt extended much farther. Within 30 miles 
of the land they were fairly numerous, but at a greater distance from 
shore, even in the midst of abundant ice of the same character, 
they became scarce, and only very few were seen 90 miles from the 
land. 
About the second week in February we began to see, between lat. 
62° 30' and 63° 30' S., long. 53° 54' W., large flocks of a White- 
Throated Penguin of the type described by Dr O. Finsch as Dasy- 
rhaing)hus herculis,"^ and, at the same time, the Black-Throated form 
became much scarcer, not more than half a dozen to a dozen being 
seen during the day. It certainly seemed to me that these White- 
Throated birds were but the young of D. aclelice, though they must, 
in this case, have been only about six weeks old. The white throat, 
the only point in which the plumage differs from the Black-Throated 
variety, showed in many cases a grey tint, small black feathers shin- 
ing through among the white. In a skin brought home, and placed 
in the Museum of University College, Dundee, the lower part of the 
breast is still downy, the long down being not yet covered by the 
contour feathers. The bill is somewhat lower and narrower than in 
the Black-Throated birds ; and, further, it may be noted that the 
tenderness of these White-Throated birds was remarked by all. JSTo 
rookeries of White-Throated birds were seen. In short, though the 
presence so early in the season of large flocks of young birds 
unmixed with older ones is sufficiently remarkable, yet the weight 
of evidence seems to be in favour of this interpretation, and against 
the existence of D. herculis as an independent species. 
We continued to see the White-Throated Penguins until the 24th 
February, on which date we left the neighbourhood of the ice and 
sailed northwards for the Falklands. W^e saw no more penguins of 
any kind after leaving the ice till we came within a day’s sail of the 
Falklands. 
A large penguin was seen in the water on one or two occasions 
in lat. 63° ; several were again seen on ice-floes in lat. 64° 20', and one 
* Proc. Zool. Soc., 1870, p. 322, pi. xxv. 
