1892 - 93 .] 
Dr C. W. Donald on Penguins. 
175 
seen in the same neighbourhood, with a white patch on the top of 
the head, and the bill and legs of an orange colour, and thus appar- 
ently combining the character of the Kinged penguin with those of 
the White-Headed penguin, F. papua, Wagl. 
The White-Headed or Johnny penguin was first seen in lat. 63° 
37' S., long. 55° 30' W., to the east of Paulet Island, and within 
five miles of the land. Attention was first drawn to the bird by its 
loud croak, or ‘‘ quaugk,” much harsher and more penetrating than 
that of the Black-Throated penguin, or indeed than any of the 
others ; the head showed above the water the easily distinguishable 
and characteristic white crown. On 6th January I landed on a 
small rookery belonging to the species, in'lat. 63° 18' S., long. 56° 
35' W., at the western extremity of what is now known as Dundee 
Island to the south of Joinville Land. This rookery was placed 
about a stone’s-throw from high-water mark, on the top of a horse- 
shoe-shaped hillock. It consisted of some forty nests, grouped 
irregularly around the horse-shoe. No paths were seen to approach 
it from the sea, nor could a path well have been beaten down in the 
hard stony clay which formed the hillock. Each nest was formed of 
small stones and clayey earth heaped together into the shape of a 
small conical mound, with a depression some 3 inches deep in 
the centre ; this latter was lined with feathers and down from the 
parents, most of which showed upon the lower part of their breasts 
a strip of bare red skin from which the feathers had been pulled. 
On Kerguelen Island, Mr Sharpe describes the nests of this species as 
being composed of leaf-stalks and seed-stems of Pringlea ; but on 
Dundee Island, a few small tufts of moss formed the whole visible 
vegetation. Rather more than half the eggs were already hatched, 
and in many nests one of the two eggs was already hatched, while 
it was still possible to blow the other. I did not notice a difference 
in the size of the two eggs, such as is described by Mr Sharpe in the 
above-quoted paper on Kerguelen. Two eggs brought home are of a 
chalky- white colour with a faint tinge of blue, and measure 2 '7 by 2*2 
inches, being thus distinctly larger than those of the Black-Throated 
penguin. No penguins of other species w^ere noticed in the imme- 
diate neighbourhood of this rookery. Opposite on the coast of 
Joinville Land, a mile and a half to 2 miles away on the other side 
of the Sound, -we saw, though we could not visit, a rookery of 
