1893-94,] Dr Muiiro on Rise and Progress of Anthropology, 243 
animals in prehistoric times was accumulated . — {Les Temps Pre- 
liistorigues en Belgique, par E. Dupont.) 
(3) The exploration of a number of caves and rock-shelters in the 
valley of the Vezere, in the Dordogne district, France, by Messrs 
Christy and Lartet. The result of their investigations was pub- 
lished in a large quarto volume, entitled Reliquics Aquitanicce 
(1865-75), and revealed a unique phase of human civilisation. 
Ignorant of agriculture and the ceramic art, and without domestic 
animals, not even the dog, these Dordogne cave-men successfully 
hunted the reindeer, mammoth, and other wild animals, with only 
such weapons as they could manufacture of flint and bone. But, 
what is most remarkable, under these circumstances they developed 
a wonderful taste for art, and left behind them a collection of 
sculptures and engravings which, for spirit and artistic effect, would 
not disgrace our modern Landseers. By a few scratches on bone 
and ivory, they faithfully depicted the characteristic features of the 
animals, hunting scenes, and industries among which they lived. 
The handles of their poignards and other objects were ornamented, 
not only with geometrical and bizarre figures of straight, curved, 
and zigzag lines, but sometimes carved to represent animals. In 
this kind of sculpturing they displayed great ingenuity in adapting 
the material at their disposal to the production of a fantastic piece 
of art, but which always delineated some characteristic trait of the 
animal represented. The staple food of these troglodytes was the 
reindeer, and hence the time in which they lived is often known as 
the Reindeer period (Magdalenien). Characteristic remains of this 
civilisation have been found in numerous localities throughout 
Central Europe, especially the South of France. Among the more 
important collections illustrative of this unique art, in addition to 
those already mentioned, are those of Vieomte de Lastic Saint- Jal, 
from the rock-shelter of Bruniquel (Tarn et Garonne) ; of M. EUe 
Massenat, from the Dordogne district ; and of M. Ed. Piette, from 
the caves of Arudy and Mas dAzil (Ariege), — all of which were 
exhibited at the Paris Exhibition of 1889. The stations at Lortet 
(Haute-Pyrenees), Montgaudier (Charente), Grotte de Reilhac 
(Causses du Lot), Thaingen (Switzerland), and others, have also 
yielded some further specimens of exceptional designs. 
While the flora of their environments is scarcely represented at 
