434 Proceedings of Royed Society of Edinhurgh, [sess. 
skull, the calvaria of which was found in its neighbourhood. 
From the fact that the grinding surface was only slightly worn, one 
would not be prepared to associate it with a skull, where all the 
sutures of the vault were so obliterated, as in the Java calvaria. 
As regards the size of its crown, I have compared it with the teeth 
of the anthropoid apes in the University Museum. It is some- 
what larger than the third upper molar in the skulls both of the 
chimpanzee and orang. In the adult male orang the crown of the 
upper wisdom was 11 mm. in sagittal, and 13 mm. in transverse 
diameter ; in the female the corresponding diameters were 9 mm. 
and 12 mm. It is almost equal in size to the corresponding tooth 
in one of the male gorillas, but it is distinctly smaller than in the 
three other males. Compared with the female gorilla, its diameter 
in one direction is 1*3 mm, greater, and in the other 1*7 mm. less. 
It was distinctly larger than the upper wisdom tooth in Europeans. 
Compared with the corresponding tooth in a number of Australian 
skulls, it was also greater in the dimensions of its crown ; but in a 
male skull, from the Riverina district of U. S. Wales, the transverse 
diameter of the crown of the corresponding tooth was as high as 14 
mm., and the sagittal diameter, on the inner side, was 9 mm., and 
on the outer 10 mm. It is, I think, by no means clear that this 
tooth is from a human jaw, and is not rather that of an anthropoid 
ape. That it belonged to a gorilla or chimpanzee is out of the 
question, as these apes are African and not Asiatic in their 
habitat. The question arises if it may not have been that of a 
large orang, in which case the area occupied by this ape would 
have been more extensive than Borneo and Sumatra, its present 
habitat, and would have included Java. The general configuration 
of the crown is indeed not unlike that of the wisdom tooth of an 
adult orang ; though, without having the tooth before one for 
examination and comparison, one does not wish to express too 
positive an opinion. 
Left Femur. 
This isolated bone was found nearly 50 feet higher up the river 
bank than the calvaria. It was only slightly injured, at the head, 
great trochanter and the lower articular ends. It had, however, a 
large irregular pointed exostosis, growing from the inner and back 
part of the shaft, below the small trochanter. It was an adult 
