1894-95.] Mr J. C. Beattie on Alloys in a Magnetic Field. 481 
On the Behaviour of various Alloys in a Steady Magnetic 
Field. By J. C. Beattie. (With Two Plates.) 
(Read July 15, 1895.) 
(a) The transverse effect. 
The direction of the transverse effect in a conductor cannot be 
given by a knowledge of the magnetic properties of a body, for we 
find, if we assume the direction to be positive in magnetic bodies, 
negative in diamagnetic, that nickel, palladium, platinum, manga- 
nese, zinc, cadmium, antimony are exceptions. Again, if we look 
for a relation between the direction of the Thomson effect and that 
of the transverse effect, we have another long list of exceptions, 
including antimony, cadmium, zinc, platinum, bismuth. On the 
other hand, if we arrange the metals in a thermoelectric series, we 
find that, with the one exception of cobalt, the metals from bismuth 
to silver have a negative transverse effect; those from zinc to 
tellurium a positive ; and the agreement goes further, for bismuth, 
which is at one end of the series, has a large transverse negative 
effect ; and as we go up the series, the effect decreases in numerical 
value ; while tellurium, which is at the other end, has a large 
positive effect, and as we come down the effect again decreases. 
If we assume that a relation exists between the transverse effect 
and thermoelectricity, we should expect that a conductor thermo- 
electrically negative to bismuth would give a large negative effect ; 
while from a conductor at the other end of the series we should 
expect a positive effect whose magnitude depended on the position 
thermoelectrically occupied. 
i^’ow, various alloj^'s show peculiarities in their thermoelectric 
properties. Those of bismuth-antimony are thermoelectrically 
negative to bismuth, those of ir antimony-zinc, antimony-cad- 
mium, &c., are positive to antimony. If these give a transverse 
effect, is its direction and magnitude determined by the thermo- 
electric position of the alloy considered h The table given below 
gives the results of experiments made with a number of alloys. 
VOL. XX. 14/10/95. 2 H 
