Forest and Stream. 
A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 
Copyright, 1904, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 
Terms, $4 a Year. 10 Cts. a Copy. I 'NJ'E'W "Y" SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 23, 1908. ) No. 346 Broadway, New York. 
Six Months, $2. ) an v v ^ l ^ 
,^The Ft)REST AND Stream is the recognized medium of entertain- 
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The editors invite communications on the subjects to which its 
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garded. While it is intended to give wide latitude in discussion 
of curreht topics, the editors are not responsible for the views of 
correspondents. 
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particulars respecting subscriptions, see prospectus on page iii. 
THE ADIRONDACK LANDS. 
ThAt Adirondack lands belonging to the State, and 
included within the classification of lands which the Con- 
stitution declares shall not be sold, have been surrendered 
to private ownership is believed by persons who- have 
been cognizant of Adirondack land deals. In a communi- 
catioii to this journal the other day Mr. Raymond S. 
Spears cited two cases in which the transaction appeared 
to re4uire explanation. Commenting on these in a state- 
ment printed elsewhere to-day. Commissioner Whipple 
says that so far as he has been able to assertain the Hat- 
ter place transfer was in violation of law, and he declares 
that he will take steps to set aside the sale and recover 
damages. As to the Ampersand Pond land. Commis- 
sioner Whipple says that he has learned that the State’s 
reclaimed title was set aside by a competent court, but 
the affair will be investigated. 
These transactions are by no- means the only Adiron- 
dack State land deals which demand explanation. There 
are other lands once held by the State, but now in the 
possession of individuals and of sportsmen’s clubs, which, 
it is believed, have been transferred in violation of the 
constitutional prohibition of the sale of State lands in the 
Forest Preserve. 
It was high time that the reign of intrigue which has 
prevailed in the North Woods should end. The people 
of the State cannot but hail with warm satisfaction and 
hearty kpproval Commissioner Whipple’s declaration that 
he stands for a clean and open administration of the trust 
given him. The story, as told in the World, of the good 
beginnirtg he has made through the agency of Deputy 
Attorney-General Ward, will be taken as an earnest of 
his purpose, to clean the robbers out and punish the 
thieves who have been enriching themselves after the 
manner of thieves and robbers since society was organ- 
ized, by preying on the property of the community. 
THE SLOTHFUL LIFE. 
In every city or town, be it humble or great, there is a 
large percentage of dwellers who, from the necessities 
imposed by their occupations, lead sedentary lives. In 
particular, the large cities abound in sedentary occupa- 
tions. Each has its thousands of brain workers — in the 
aggregate of all the great cities, such workers number 
millions. 
Day in and day out the sedentary worker’s chief exer- 
cise consists in walking a short distance to a street car, 
riding to and fro from their offices, all devoid of any 
physical exertion worthy of the name. When at work 
the field of vision of the sedentary man is limited by the 
inner walls of his office, his field of physical activity is 
limited to his chair. Such habits of life result in weak, 
flabby muscles, a loss of physical stamina, with in time a 
disinclination for physical exercise, whether light or 
arduous. 
In a limited way, there are some exceptions to the gen- 
eral inaction of office workers. Some engage in games 
which impose physical competition more or less, as 
bowling, billiards, etc. From them they derive some ex- 
ercise, inadequate, yet far better than none at all. Some 
take up gymnastics. Yet, relatively to the whole, those 
who take systematic phj'^sical exercise are few. And 
those who, being office workers, take systematic exercise; 
are generally in the early years of their business life. As 
a rule, when a sedentary worker approaches middle age, 
he gradually avoids all physical activities separable from 
the mere journeyings to and fro between home and office 
chair. In many instances, obesity sets in, with its conse- 
quent heaviness, clumsiness, thickness of wind, and in- 
ertia. The organs of the body lose their vigor, and there 
is a general lowering of vigor and vitality. 
Under such conditions, the mere taking of a vacation 
once a year, though beneficial, is far from meeting the re- 
quirements of the case. Indeed, the sedentary worker. 
long habitated to bodily inaction, is not in physical condi- 
tion even to enjoy a vacation if it contemplates any of 
the active sports of land and water. Nevertheless, he 
takes his vacation without any preliminary physical 
preparation, and enters into the sport of hunting and 
fishing with boyhood ardor. Many bodily discomforts 
forthwith ensue. If he engages in quail shooting, his feet, 
being weak from lack of exercise, are strained and sore; 
being tender, they are well blistered. His arms are so 
muscle weary that they feel as if they would drop off 
from their own weight. The whole body is sore and 
over fatigued. If he rides horseback, many unused 
muscles are brought into action, to their consequent 
straining and soreness. If the sedentary one fishes, there 
is the same bodily sufferings from weak feet, weak hands, 
weak limbs, with the added inefficiency of bodily clumsi- 
ness, heaviness of movement, and incapacity of action. 
All this discomfort and incapacity could be avoided by 
taking every day regular exercise which would compre- 
hend the physical culture of the whole body. Much time 
is not required. Ten minutes of exercise morning and 
night, will accomplish wonders. The whole muscular 
system thereby is kept in tone, the vital organs are vig- 
orous and perform their functions healthfully, and the 
sedentary worker then seeks the physical activities of life 
instead of avoiding them. 
Before going on an outing which contemplates active 
bodily powers, two or three weeks of physical prepara- 
tion, in the form of walks to and from the office, and 
more exercise each day with gymnastic appliances will 
add immeasurably to the comforts of an outing, to the 
capacity and enjoyment of him who engages in it, besides 
the general every-day benefits of a strong mind in a 
strong body. 
INDIVIDUAL EFFORT. 
The history of the early years of game and fish pro- 
tection in this country has been a record of the efforts of 
individual workers, men who have had the intelligence to 
recognize the necessity of action, and who have had also 
the public spirit to put forth new personal exertions for 
the general good. Here and there and everywhere, the 
individual has agitated the subject, enlisted the co- 
operation of his fellow? citizens, organized clubs, societies 
and associations to carry on the work, and by his own 
example and inciting enthusiasm and executive action 
promoted the cause. This is true not of any one section 
alone, but of the country at large. Wherever those lines 
may be read, in localities however remote, the reader will 
recognize the truth of the assertion that but for the in- 
terest and activity and foresight displayed by these indi- 
vidual apostles of protection, the field would be to-day 
more barren of game and the waters of fish. Of such 
men it may be said with truth that in their active promo- 
tion of the preservation of fish and game they exemplified 
the qualities of good citizenship; they were in a very sub- 
stantial way public benefactors; the world is better for 
their having lived in it; and for what they have done 
they deserve to have their memories honored. 
PENNSYLVANIA FISHCULTURE. 
The Department of Fisheries of Pennsylvania is still 
making a good showing among the States engaged in fish- 
culture. According to the report of Commissioner of 
Fisheries W. E. Meehan, just made for the quarter end- 
ing Aug. 31, the following fish were distributed from the 
State hatcheries from June i to Sept, i: Frogs, 70,000; 
California trout, 30,000; large brook trout, 100; yellow 
perch, 500; catfish, 2,100; calico bass, 35; black bass 
(fiiigerlings), 1,800; rock bass, 86; cutthroat trout, 75,- 
000; shad, 554,000; herring, 2,754; total, 736,375. Adding 
to this, 145,157,918 fish distributed from Jan. i to June i, 
the total output for the nine months ending Aug. 31, was 
T-15, 894,293. There are still remaining in the various 
hatcheries 1,043,800 fish still to be distributed, not in- 
cluding a large number of sunfish, goldfish., yellow perch 
and rock bass at the Corry hatchery, the number of which 
could not be estimated at the time the report was made. 
With the fish distributed and those yet to be distributed, 
the fish quarterly w'ork of the State will surpass 147,000,- 
000 fish. During the last three months thirty-four new 
ponds were built in the different hatcheries, making a, 
total number of ponds in the five hatcheries now in 
operation iiS, an increase of 82 since the Department 
took charge in 190.3. 
During the quarter the wardens made 170 arrests for 
illegal fishing, of which 33 were acquitted. The amount 
of fines imposed was $3,655- Of this amount $2,305 was 
the work of six wardens — Criswell, Shoemaker, Nesley, 
Albert, Shannon, and Penning. During the quarter about 
twenty-seven acres of land were added to the existing 
hatcheries. Two new hatcheries of the four new hatch- 
eries authorized by the last Legislature have been located, 
the land, aggregating about sixty-eight acres, having been 
presented to the State by citizens of the counties in which 
the hatcheries w?ere located. Extensive repairs and addi- 
tional buildings were constructed in the hatcheries. 
A noteworthy feature of the report was the announce- 
ment of the Commissioner that he had found an act under 
which proprietors of certain types of industrial establish- 
ments could be arrested, convicted and fined for allowing 
poisonous substances from, flowing into streams in suf- 
ficient quantities to kill fish. Backed by the advice of the 
Attorney-General’s department, but preceding a case at 
the time under the same advice, three successful arrests 
and convictions were secured during the quarter, the of- 
fending industrial establishments being each fined $100. 
Suits have been begun against four others. 
In our angling columns is a very practical and very 
enticing paper by Mr. W. E. Meehan on the wall-eyed 
pike fishing of the Susquehanna, or, as it is locally 
termed, Susquehanna salmon fishing. To its devotees, as 
Mr. Meehan tells us, there is no other fishing in America 
to compare with it. This is only another illustration of 
the boundless resources of the angling waters of the 
United States; of the quality of our various game fishes, 
and of- the zest and satisfaction the fishermen of the con- 
tinent may find in their own home -v\?aters. 
We are not inclined to quarrel with the Pennsylvania 
anglers who miscall the wall-eyed pike a ‘ salmon ; 
though in the past, when more sanguine than now of ac- 
complishing great reforms, we have striven hard toward 
a universal nomenclature, believing in one name for one 
fish and one fish for one name, and have objected to some 
fish commissioners, who know better, calling the pike- 
perch a “salmon,” in their reports. We hold that it counts 
for nothing that the majority of their readers call the fish 
“salmon” and will continue to do so. It is their business 
to lead the public in the right direction, not to follow it. 
The name of salmon has been applied to a certain fish for 
centuries in many parts of the world, and it is as much 
entitled to it as a cow is to her name, and we have con- 
tended that no people have a right to apply it to a fish 
not remotely related to it. But “Susquehanna salmon” it 
is ; and will be to the end. 
The great confusion in common names of fish and game 
in America has arisen from the fact that the country was 
settled in different parts by Europeans who brought their 
names with them and applied them to the first fish or bird 
which bore- a fancied resemblance to those at home. 
Hence, as they had the name of salmon, and no fish in 
the Susquehanna, Mississippi and 'Ohio rivers to- match 
it, they applied the name to perch. So in the South the 
names of trout, chub and bream, all well known fishes of 
England, and all of which have fins with soft rays, have, 
been applied to entirely different fish, and, strangely 
enough, all to fishes which have fins with spinous rays. 
In Virginia the name “chub” is applied to the black bass, 
while in Georgia and Florida the same fish becomes a 
“trout.” In Georgia the name of “bream” is used to de- 
signate a fish which is one of the family which includes 
the black bass and the sunfishes. In Massachusetts a 
little spiny sunfish is also called “bream.” 
The Maine non-resident shooting license law is creat- 
ing much dissatisfaction among visiting sportsmen who 
are seeking not big game but birds. According to the 
terms of the law the shooter from without the State may 
have the privilege of shooting birds prior to Oct. i on 
payment of $5, but for the same shooting after that date 
he must pay an additional $10, a total of $15. True, for 
the additional payment he receives also permission to kill 
big game; but there are many gunners who want birds 
only, and they are unable to reconcile the second payment 
with any consideration of equity or justice. If a $5 fee 
is reasonable for shooting up to Oct. i, it is quite as rea- 
sonable for the rest of the season thereafter, and the in- 
justice lies in making the bird shooter pay the extra $10 
for a big game hunting privilege which h? does not care 
to avail himself of) .. 
