FOREST AND STREAM. 
impfovc when houlide get oil 16 lighter soil, Which bears 
out the fact that too much moisture is undesirable. To 
sum up, for a probability of sport we should look for a 
high barometer, a fair amount of moisture, and a gentle 
breeze. — E. L., in London Field. 
Points and Flushes. 
“Rules, Standards and is the title of the 
booklet issued by the Irish Terrier Club of America, for 
1905-1906. It also contains a list of officers, the official list 
of judges, list of members, list of winners of the different 
trophies. O. W. Donner, 117 Wall street. New York, is 
the secretary. 
All communications for Forest and Stream must be 
directed to Forest and Stream Pub. Co., New York, to 
receive attention. We have no other oihee. 
If you want your shoot to be announced here send a 
notice like the following : 
Fixtures. 
Nov. 23. — Edgewater, N. J. — Palisade G. C. A. A. Schoverling, 
Sec’y. 
Nov. 23-24. — Kansas City, Mo. — Missouri and Kansas League of 
Trapshooters’ fiilh tournament. C. B. Clapp, Sec’y- 
Nov. 28-29. — Marsailles, 111., G. C. R. E. Coring, Sec’y. 
Nov. 30. — Utica, N. Y.— Riverside G. C., all-day target tournament. 
E. J. Loughlin, Sec’y. 
Dec. 2. — Lowell, Mass., R. and G. C. all day shoot. E. J. Burns, 
Sec’y. 
Dec. 12-13. — Omaha, Neb. — Interstate team race, between teams of 
Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri and Kansas. W. D. Townsend, Sec’y. 
Dec. 20. — Phillipsburg, N. J. — Alert G. C. first annual holiday 
shoot. 
Dec. 14. — Travers Island, N. Y. — Amateur championship of 
America, under auspices of New York Athletic Club. Gus E. 
Grieff, Chairman, 302 Broadway, New York. 
1906. 
Jan. 16-19.— Hamilton, Ont., G. C. annual winter tournament. 
Ralph C. Ripley, Sec’y. 
May 16-17. — Auburn, N. Y., tournament. Knox & Knapp, Mgrs. 
May 24-25. — Montreal, Can. — Canadian Indians’ first annual tour- 
nament. Thomas A. Duff, High Scribe. 
DRIVERS AND TWISTERS. 
Club secretaries are invited to send their scores for 
publication in these columns, also any news notes they 
may care to have published. Mail all such matter to 
Forest and Stream Publishing Company, 346 Broadway, 
New York. Forest and StreaiiI goes to press on Tues- 
day OF EACH WEEK. 
The Cumberland Gun Club, of Bridgeton, N. J., is preparing for 
a good tournament on Dec. 7. The programme will total 150 
targets, .$10 entrance. 
Messrs. Knox & Knapp, M'anagers, inform us that there will be 
a tournament at Auburn, N. Y., on May 16-17, with added money 
•and 1 % cent targets. 
•5 
Mr. IT. S. Welles, of Schoverling & Welles, New York, made 
the record of the grounds at the shoot of the Bound Brook, N. J., 
Gun Club, on Nov. 16. He broke over 100 straight, besides being 
high average for the day. 
In a five-man team contest between Yale and Princeton, bn the 
grounds of the former, Nov. 18, Yale was victor by a score of 202 
to 168. Morrison, of Yale, was high man of the contest. He 
scored 44. A high wind was unfavorable to high scores. 
K 
In the contest for the E. C. cup, emblematic of the individual 
championship of the State of New Jersey, between Messrs. F. C. 
Bissett, of South River, N. J., and J. J. Fleming, of Newark, on 
the grounds of the Bound Brook Gun Club, Nov. 16, Mr. Bissett 
won by a score of 46 to 27. 
>5 
Mr. Justus Von Lengerke made the excellent average of 89 per. 
cent, in the series of Northern New Jersey League contests, and 
was high individual average thereby. He shot in the series in all 
the contests and under all conditions. The Newton team was 
first, the Montclair was second, and the Morristown was third. 
K 
The Sliooting Committee of the Hudson Gun Club, of Jersey 
City, N. J., has not determined upon the day for the shoot, 
but they have definitely decided that it would be held about the 
middle of December. All the members are energetic and en- 
thusiastic in making the . shoot a success, and there is now no 
doubt but that it will have a scope which will make it interesting 
to all visitors, both concerning targets and dinner. 
In the contest for the November cup, at the shoot of the 
Crescent Athletic Club, at Bay Ridge, L, I., Nov. 18, Dr. Raynor 
scored a leg on that cup, with a full score of 25. In the 
Stake trophy contest, Mr. F. B. Stephenson broke 25 straight in 
the shoot-off with Dr. Keyes, Dr. Raynor and Mr. L. C. Hopkins 
on a tie of 24. The two-man team contest was won by Mr. A. G. 
Southworth and W. W. Marshall with a total of 45 out of 50. 
A 
Mr. Irby Bennett, an important official of the Winchester Re- 
peating Arms Co., and President of the Interstate Association, is 
in the Post-Graduate Hospital, New York, convalescing from a 
surgical operation for appendicitis. His friends, of whom he has 
hosts, will heartily rejoice on learning that he came through the 
ordeal without any serious consequences as to shock, complica- 
tions, etc. He expects to be up and about in less than two- 
weeks. It is hard to down a good man. 
'I'he card issiifcd by Messrs, Voil Lehg’grkc & DelliLld iid- 
liohncing tlieif Lhange of business from 318 Broadway to 34§ 
Fifth avenue; Dec. 1 , has on it a beautiful por.rayal of holly- 
leaves, suggestive of the happy holiday season, and the many 
beautiful articles they have in stock for the holiday trade. Their 
new place of business is opposite the Waldorf-Astoria. 
A 
The November cup of the New York Athletic Club was keenly 
contested, at the c'ub shoot on Saturday of last week. Dr. Held 
lU'Gvtd to Lc the winner, Uicrcloy secring his second win on that 
beautiful trophy. Good sport and gooel companionship are salient 
features of the shooting contingent of the club, at their Saturday 
shooting gatherings on the beautiful grounds at Travers Island. 
A 
The Jackson Gun Club was victorious in the second contest of 
the Passaic and Bergen County League, on Saturday of last week 
on their grounds at Paterson, N. J. The five men of the Jackson 
team scored a total of 100 to 90 for the Northsides and 76 for the 
Mount Pleasants. Two or three more clubs are expected to join 
this League, which will add both to the interest and to the com- 
petition. 
R 
Mr. Carl Von Lengerke, notwithstanding his change from guns 
and powder to dog medicines as a business — he is now the New 
York agent of the Polk Miller Drug Co., -proprietor of the 
Sergeant Dog Remedies — has not forgotten his old fondness for 
the dog and gun. He contemplated a whirl at the ruffed grouse 
this week. He is succeeding admirably in placing the Sergeant 
remedies. 
R 
Capt. C. G. Blandford writes us that “On Thanksgiving Day, 
from 1:30 P. M. till 5, the Ossining Gun Club will have an old- 
fashioned poultry shoot. Turkeys, ducks and chickens will be the 
prizes, and the entrance fees to events will be just enough to 
clear expenses. All events will be handicaps, 14 to 22yds. Any 
friends who are not members are invited to come up and shoot. 
We expect to have a good time, and the more there are there 
the merrier the time. Come up and win the turkey you didn’t 
buy for your T’nanksgiving dinner.” 
m 
The New York Athletic Club _ Shooting Committee is working 
industriously in furtherance of the amateur championship of 
America, to be held on the club’s grounds at Travers Island, New 
York, o-n Dec. 14. The conditions are 100 targets, entrance, price 
of targets. A handsome sterling silver trophy will be the prize 
bestowed on the winner. All amateurs of the United States are 
eligible to the competition. Those who intend to participate in 
this event will greatly aid the committee by sending their names 
to the Chairman of the committee, Gus E. Grieff, 302 Broadway, 
New York. 
R 
Mr. Geo. Stubblebine writes us as follows: . “The Alert Gun 
Club, of Phillipsburg, N. J., will hold their first annual holiday 
tournament,- Dec. 20. The programme will consist of twelve events 
of 180 targets, and entrance to amateurs, $9.50. Targets will be 
thrown from a' Leggett trap at 11^ cent each. Professionals shoot 
for targets only, and all shooters will have lunch served to them 
on the grounds free of charge. Past tournaments held by this 
club have proved successes, and the management will see that all 
shooters will leave the grounds well satisfied with their day’s 
sport. Further information will be given on request by George 
Stubblebine, Chairman, Phillipsburg, N. J.” 
R 
The trophy and laurels which appertain to the championship of 
Delaware, are worn with uncertain constancy; for strong hands 
are frequently stretched forth to seize them. The last attempt was 
made by Mr. James T. Skelly, Mr. Wm. M. Foord defending the 
championship successfully. At the end of the 100 targets, they 
had tied cn 89. In the shoot-off at 25, Mr. Foord won by a score 
of 22 to 20. Mr. Alden B. Richardson, of Dover, ex-champion 
but a short time, will be Mr. Foord’s next opponent, and the 
contest for the championship will be either on the grounds of the 
Wawaset or Wilmington club. No moss grows on the trophy 
emblematic of the championship of Delaware. 
Bernard Waters. 
Penetration and Velocity. 
From time to time we are vigorously called over the coals for 
our allegiance to the test of velocity as a means of judging the 
penetration of a charge of shot. The differences of opinion be- 
tween the old and the new schools may, perhaps, be diminished 
reviewing the developments which have occurred. Black powder 
was so stable an explosive, and its action so little open to varia- 
tions of one kind and another, that a rough and ready test of 
penetration by way of shooting at a gunpowder tin was sufficient 
to judge the strength of the charge, proUded the pattern was 
already known to be satisfactory. Close observation of results 
and ingenious theorizing to elucidate hidden truths provided the 
nearest approach that was then possible to scientific gun experi- 
ments. At such a time the sportsman occupied as favorable a posi- 
tion as the trade expert for making the kind of test which was 
then regarded as determining the behavior of the gun or car- 
tridge. The very enthusiasm with which these researches were 
conducted necessarily paved the way for the series of developments 
which have carried experimental gun work beyond the reach of 
the ordinary shooter equipped with a whitewashed plate and a 
supply of Pettitt’s pads. The scientist has now carried things so 
far that our own mission in instructing sportsmen is almost en- 
tirely confined to explaining in the language of the elementary text- 
book the experiments which are now conducted to determine the 
behavior of guns and nitro powder. 
The stumbling block in all modern experiments is to demon- 
strate to the sportsman that the measurement of velocity over 
20 yds. provides an efficient index to the penetration of a charge 
of shot. Mr. Griffith, in his historical experiments to determine 
the stringing out of a charge of shot, fired at a circular plate 
of 12 ft. diameter, which made about five and a half revolutions 
per second. It was shown that at 20yds. the charge of shot had 
strung out over a distance ■ of about 40in., whereas at 40yds., 
nearly 9ft. separated the front from the back pellets of the charge. 
These figures are constantly brought up against us as evidence 
of the fact that our chronographic measurements take account 
only of the behavior of the front pellets of the charge. A careful 
examination of the diagrams reproduced on page 52, of Part I., of 
“Sporting Guns and Gunpowders,” shows that 90 per cent., at 
least of the total number of pellets which struck the target at 
20yds. range are concentrated into a little over 20in. Consider- 
ing that at the usual sporting distances the shot is traveling with 
more than ten times '.he velocity of the bird, it would seem as 
though for all practical purposes the 20 yds. -velocity test might be 
regarded as fully covering the behavior of the entire charge. Mr. 
Borland spent a considerable amount of time, and his company no 
doubt contributed a proportional amount of money, to analyze still 
further the measurement of velocity. The arrangement used 
registered alternatively the arrival of the first pellets and the whole 
charge. The fact that Mr. Borland employs the ordinary method 
of testing velocity over 20 yds. for the routine work incidental to 
the manufacture of E. C. powder seems to suggest that he, at any 
rate, after trying both methods, is satisfied that the simple arrange- 
ment is also the best. 
If a cartridge gives a suitable velocity over 20yds., as judged 
by present-day standards, it seems impossible to understand how 
it can give abnormal results at other distances. In the course of 
a year hundreds of tons of powder are graded and regulated on 
the 20 yards test, and_ no one appears yet to have discovered a 
single instance in which a correctly regulated powder gives in- 
different results when properly loaded and fired in an ordinary 
gun. Experience again confirms the obvious conclusion that a 
,|Nov. 2 $, igoi 
hc-y._dcr with a weak veloclly proves dehelent iff penetration when 
tried Gli game. In a similar manner an excess of velocity, how- 
ever it inay be produced, is at all times liable to produce such 
d seatteirihg feffect of the pellets as will diminish the effectiveness 
of the shBotihg; We thus have overwhelming evidence that the 
velocity test of perietlatiorl is completely satisfactory from what- 
ever point ef view it nlay be regarded. Notwithstanding this 
weight of evidence, ^ we arfe still told that every gun must be 
considered 63 6 thing apart, and that the velocity test of a 
cartridge affords no index of how it will behave in a given gun. 
It is just the particle of truth underlying this statement which 
makes it difficult to provide a comprehensive answer. If the 
generality of guns in use are regarded as complying within 
approximate limits to a pre-determined standard, it is clear enough 
that a mil lien of cartridges containing powder which has passed 
ti.e \clocity and other tests, will give better results in the aggre- 
gate than -a sim-lar number of cartridges complying with a dif- 
ferent specification. If every gun in which these cartridges are 
used could be subjected to a special test for velocity, there is no 
doubt that a definite proportion of them would be found to give 
abnormal behavior. The proper remedy to adopt would be to 
alter those guns which are susceptible to alteration, and to throw 
out of use the others, which, by reason of excessively large 
chambers, badly shaped cones, or unduly wide barrels, are found 
to be deficient in necessary material. Failing the mechanical 
remedy, some improvement might be made by modifying the 
charge of powder so as to correct in some measure the bad 
behavior of the gun. Such a course is bad, because it admits 
the principle of correcting a fault in the gun by introducing an- 
other in the cartridge 
The above observations seem to imply the need for every gun- 
maker to test the velocity of every gun before sale with properly 
loaded cartridges. Such a suggestion is, however, impracticable, 
but it nevertheless carries with it a useful indication of the means 
which should be adopted to make the generality of guns so that 
they may produce the results anticipated by the powder maker 
when he regulates his product.. At the time when we were engaged 
in supervising the manufacture of our experimental barrels fer 
testing sporting cartridges, it became necessary to work out a 
specification for the chamber, cone, and bore which would give a 
proper standard of velocity. The early barrels were found to give 
an extraordinary e.xce.Bs above the expected amount of velocity. 
This abnormality was traced to the dimensions of the chamber and 
the shape of the cone. When the barrel had been adjusted to a 
new set of dimensions a specification was arrived at, which proved 
to give satisfactory results in all barrels subsequently manufac- 
tured. The gunmaker who carried out this work on our behalf 
at once appreciated the importance of this discovery, and he 
instantly put in hand a set of gauges and cutting tools to control 
his own output on the lines approved by our tests. 
We have been instrumental in other directions in privately 
initiating the same useful reform, and it has been interesting to 
find, whenever the opportunity has arisen for testing subsequent 
output, that all the guns controlled by the gauges so determined 
have given the correct amount of velocity. Such an experience 
seems to demonstrate the utility of the 20 yds. velocity test as a 
means of regulating the behavior not only of the cartridge but of 
the gun as well. To insure a repetition of the proof barrel results 
in the sportsman’s own weapon, it is clear that the guns should be 
chambered and bored truly to gauge. If the gun is incorrect in 
these respects the sportsman will suffer more or less, according 
to the amount of error existing. He cannot gain any useful in- 
formation from penetration tests; and without a large amount of 
experience, which in the nature of things he cannot possess, it is 
impossible for him to learn much from examining patterns on the 
whitewashed plate. The regulation of the gun is purely and 
simply a question for the gunmaker, and it is in the selection of 
a man who knows his business that the sportsman stands his best 
and only chance of getting a gun which will, include, among the 
many attributes of successful use in the field, a form of chamber 
and bore capable of showing the cartridge on its best behavior. 
From what has been said, it will be apparent that the sports- 
man’s own tests of thirty years ago must now be dismissed as 
embodying superstitions of the middle ages. To attempt to prove 
that the stringing effect of the shot is a factor which the practical 
sportsman must bear in mind is on a par with the assumption 
that penetration can be judged by examining the characteristics 
of the splash the pellet makes on the target. The only test which 
comes to us from the days preceding modern electrical develop- 
ments is that of the whitewashed plate. Even this is of secondary 
importance to the proper gauging of the interior of the barrel. 
To correct the shooting of a gun without regard to the shape of 
the chamber and cone is blind groping in the dark. 
Pattern tests are certainly of very great use in determining the 
selection of charges and the choice of a suitable size of shot. At 
a time when the gunmaker controls his output with standard 
gauges, and the powder maker is clear as to the characteristics 
that must be imparted to the explosive, and finally, when sports- 
men appreciate the importance of a sound system of loading, of 
which the Field system may be regarded as the parent type, the 
most satisfactory test of the joint behavior of a gun and cartridge 
is on game. A distinct impression remains after each day’s sport 
a , 3 to whether or not one’s individual contribution to the bag has 
been in proportion to the skill exercised, and it is by the guidance 
so derived that the snortsman will be able to select from the 
recognized charges available the particular combination of powder 
and shot that best suits his own particular gun and style of shoot- 
ing. — London Field. 
At Point Breeze, 
Philadelphia, Pa., Nov. 18. — The two events at live birds, 
shot on the Point Breeze track to-day, were notable for good 
scores. Eight men tied on straight kills in the 5-bird event. 
Ten birds, $5 entrance. Rose system: 
Churchill, 27 
... 2222122222—10 
Shew, 26 
12211202 * 1 — 8 
See, 26 
2*22223222— 9 
Bailey, 28 . . . 
1220222020 7 
Stauffer, 26 
. .12221222*2— 9 
Edwards, 28 
2002202210 — 6 
Muller, 30 
. . 22222 * 2022 — 8 
Martin, 26 . . 
111 ** 12001 — 6 
McDonald, 28 . . . 
C Brown, 28 
..* 021212111 — 8 
.. 2222202022 — 8 
Paulson, 28 
2221200*20 6 
Five birds, $3 
former shoot: 
entrance, high 
gun. Same 
handicaps as the 
Muller ;... 
22222—5 
Shaw 
22222—5 
Churchill 
22222—5 
Stoll 
22222—5 
See 1 
22222—5 
Martin 
01121—4 
McDonald 
22222—5 
Paulson 
220*2—3 
Bailev 
Stauffer 
22222—5 
9.9,-7^5>_K 
Edwards . . . . 
02202—3 
Five Hundred Air Gun Gluts. 
The Air-Gun Association, which sprang into existence in 1902 
and has its headquarters in Birmingham, has now 500 clubs affili- 
ated, with a membership of 40,000 in all parts of the kingdom. 
Beautifully accurate British-made guns have been placed on the 
market at a figure well below that of the foreign article, and one 
manufacturer has just turned out a powerful rifle which promises 
g:ood results at 40 to 50yds. The production of air-rifles has prac- 
tically established a new and most valuable industry in Birming- 
ham. 
An ordinary gun and equipment cost at least £3. But with an 
air-rifle a shooter may equip himself with a first-class weapon for 
a couple of pounds, and his pellets will only cost him Is. 2 d. 
per 1,000. — London Mail. 
The Yale-Pridceton Match. 
New Haven, Conn., Nov. 9. — A dual shoot between Princeton 
and Yale gun teams was held at New Haven, on Saturday morn- 
ing, Nov. 18, and resulted as follows: 
Yale. 
Princeton. 
Morrison 
44 
Sands 
.37 
Thompson 
43 
C Munn 
.36 : 
Borden 
42 
Mcllvaine 
.35. 
Pugsley 
37 
Throckmorton 
.34 
King 
36—202 
Morton 
,.26 168 
The match was at 
50 targets. 
and Yale won by 34. 
A high 
wind prevented good 
scores. 
John Borden, 
Pres. 
Boston Athletic Association. 
Boston, Mass., Nov. 18. — In the contest for a silver etjp pre- 
sented by a member of the Boston Athletic Association, Mr. D. 
E. Hallet won. 
In the 100-target contest, Mr. O. R. Dickey was high with 87, 
while D. E. Hallett was close up with 86 . Scores: 
Dickey .87 Blinn g 0 
Hallett 86 Adams gs 
Owen ..80 Daggett !!t 9 
Gould 66 Hutchinson 55. 
