.326 ON THE PRODUCTION OF 
the splendid volume of M. Duseigneur-Kleber, " La 
Monograpllie du Cocon." 
But of all these works the one which seemed to me 
especially worthy of the greatest attention is, as I have 
already stated, in a pamphlet formerly published in 
France, the distinguished production of one of my 
fellow-countryman, Dr. Chavannes, ex-Professor of 
Zoology at the Academy of Lausanne. His work on 
41 The principal diseases of silkworms and their cure" 
was ' " crowned " by the Lombard Royal Institution of 
Arts and Sciences. I take this opportunity of offering 
my highest commendations to Dr. Chavannes ; for to 
this day no work treating of the diseases of silkworms, 
and of a sure and easy mode of cure, has ever been so 
successful, and I strongly urge every one who wishes 
seriously to take up the subject of "sericulture" to 
study this book attentively. 
Dr. Chavannes, altogether casting aside old tradi- 
tions, and wishing, not only, in the interest of science, 
to determine and to study the nature of the different 
diseases of silkworms, which others had done already, 
but also with the philanthropic purpose of relieving 
the sufferings of the silkworm-rearing districts, wishing 
to discover the most efficacious means of obtaining 
healthy grain, Dr. Chavannes, I say, disregarding the 
old erroneous ways, inaugurated the plan of education 
in the open air, and, leaving the over-heated and almost 
always unhealthy magnaneries, approximated to nature, 
reared the larva on the mulberry tree itself, and gained 
results beyond his expectations. 
As he himself says in his work, Dr. Chavannes was 
not the first to rear upon the tree. From the 
beginning of the eighteenth century some experiments 
