83 
pear, mingled with the white ones; tin 
longitudinal band on the sides of the neck 
begins to form itself; the streaks on the 
lower part of the neck are also seen, and 
some black feathers without spots, appear 
upon the back, rump, and sides. At the 
age of two years, the ash-colour upon the 
head and back of the neck becomes deeper, 
and assumes a dusky tint, but only on the 
forehead; the violet black of the throat 
and front of the neck appears, but always 
marked by some white feathers ; the longi- 
tudinal bands become complete ; the fea- 
thers of the sides of the upper part of the 
back, the scapulars, and wing coverts, as- 
sume white bands and spots ; the upper 
mandible becomes dusky, but its base as 
well as a part of the lower mandible are 
still ash-coloured. At the age of three 
years, the plumage is perfect ; nevertheless 
it still happens, even at this age, that some 
individuals have the violet black of the neck 
interspersed with some white feathers." 
The Black-throated Diver rarely visits 
England, but is common in all the Arctic 
regions. It has the same disagreeable cries 
VOL. III. M 
