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der parts whitish, and almost entirely co- 
vered with large spots of a very deep 
brown ; upper parts, and all the wing 
feathers dusky brown in the middle, all 
edged with a narrow yellowish band ; tail 
feathers at their base light grey, marbled 
with black ; all the rest of a very deep 
black, without any white spot towards the 
end ; beak black, brown at the base ; legs 
of a dirty ochre yellow. 
The old birds, in perfect winter plumage , 
have the head, back, and sides of the neck 
white, but each feather marked in the mid- 
dle with a longitudinal streak of light 
brown ; forehead, throat, all the under 
parts, back, and tail of a perfect white ; 
top of the back, scapulars, and all the 
wing of a full black, shaded with ash- 
colour ; quills almost entirely black ; to- 
wards the end of the two exterior ones is 
a white oval spot, terminated with black ; 
the others have a fine white point, the 
secondaries and scapulars terminated with 
white ; beak of lemon colour ; angle of the 
