54 
Cases 1, 2, 3 and 4. — Crude petroleum, one specimen from 
every pool in the United States. The States represented are 
Pennsylvania, New York, West Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, 
Kentucky, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Kansas, Colorado, 
Wyoming and California. 
The specimens are arranged to show gradations of color, this 
being seen to vary from black, through shades of dark green and 
brown, to amber, the greenish brown being most common. The 
light colored oils, though more attractive in appearance, do not 
have the value for economic purposes, of the b^ack, thick oils. 
East Wall.— Tubes filled with drillings from the successive 
.strata passed through in search for oil. One of these represents a 
huge producer in the MacDonald field. A piece of the sandstone 
from which the oil was obtained is placed at the bottom. 
West Wall.— Chart showing a geological section between 
Olean, N. Y., and Fort Wayne, Ind. Note the position of the oil 
bearing sands in these and the comparatively undisturbed con- 
dition of the strata. Such conditions have been favorable to the 
storage of vast quantities of petroleum and gas. 
South Wall.— Chart -showing a geological section between 
Clean, N. Y., and Massillon, Ohio. 
Cases 5 and 6.— Specimens of oil-bearing rocks from a large 
ntiixiber of localities. Besides sands will be seen limestones and 
sandstones, which show that compact rocks bear petroleum as 
well as loose sands. 
Case 7,— Minerals and fossils of the oil bearing strata. 
Case 8.— A large bottle— the largest ever blown— represent- 
ing one barrel of petroleum. This is about the amount produced 
in the United States every two-thirds of a second of the year, day 
and night. 
Cases 9, 10 and 11.— The products of the barrel of petro- 
leum represented in Case 8, arranged according to the order in 
which they are obtained. These are (i), naphtha; (2), burning 
oils, and (3) residuum or petroleum tar. The processes and pro- 
ducts of further distillation of the latter will also be seen. 
Case 12.— Model of a modern oil refinery. The crude oil 
from the pipe lines is received in storage tank No, i, and pumped 
from this tank to the crude oil still No. 2, where it is gradually 
heated until the naphtha and burning oils are driven off by dis- 
tillation and passing through the condenser and receiving house 
