85 
HALL 77. 
FICTILE MATERIALS, PIQiTENTS, ETC. 
Kaolin or Clay is the basis of most of the specimens shown in 
this halL 
Case 1.— Clays, England. These are porcelain, pottery, 
pipe and fire clays. Note that many of the dark-colored, raw 
clays burn white. Fuller’s earth. Meerschaum. This is not a 
clay, but is put with the pipe clays on account of its use for pipes. 
Application of blast-furnace slag to the manufacture of porcelain. 
Case 2. — Uses of fire clay. Collection of assayers’ and 
metallurgists’ apparatus, made to withstand intense heat. 
Case 4.— Native fire and brick clays. The fire clays are 
those which contain no impurities which would render them fusi- 
ble. Common among such impurities are sand, alkalies and iron. 
The brick clays are impure clays which will bake to brick without 
deforming or cracking. They often contain much sand. 
Case 5. — Foreign clays. 
Cases 6 and 10. — Structural uses of clay. Bricks, tiles 
and terra cotta. 
Case 7.— Sand and cement. A collection showing all stages 
in the manufacture of Portland cement. A collection showing 
varieties of sand adapted to different uses, such as molding sand 
for molds for metal castings; pure sand for infusible furnace 
hoarths and furnace bricks; sand for the manufacture of glass, 
etc. 
Case 9. — A collection illustrating native tripoli and its uses, 
as obtained at Seneca, Mo. 
Case 12. — Natural pigments used for paints and coloring 
matters. 
About the walls of the room are specimens of ornamental 
tiles, illustrating uses of clay. 
