129 
PHYSICAL AND PSYCHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, 
This section is situated on the east and south galleries of 
the East Court. On the east gallery is the Anthropometric 
Laboratory, in which are placed the various physical and psycho- 
logical apparatus. 
The object of the psychologic apparatus here exhibited is to 
illustrate the methods of testing the various senses, the accuracy 
of movements, the quickness and delicacy of perception, and the 
strength of other mental powers; it also serves to contribute to the 
accumulation of such mental measurements. Near the south end 
of the room are instruments for determining the delicacy of touch, 
of judging distances by the sense movement, of judging weights 
by the effort needed to raise them, of making several movements 
of equal extent and the like. 
For the eye, tests are made of the accuracy with which the 
length of lines are judged and reproduced, and spaces equally 
divided; the accuracy of aim or coordination of eye and hand; the 
quickness and correctness with which closely similar marks can 
be distinguished. The range and clearness of vision is determined 
by the smallest size of certain forms and dots visible at a given 
distance, while the development of the color-sense is brought out 
by the quickness and delicacy of form and shade distinctions. 
A special set of apparatus determines within i-ioo second the 
time needed for executing a certain movement, for responding to 
a sound or a touch, or a visual impression; also the time needed to 
distinguish between several touches, or several visual impressions, 
and to chose a movement according to the part of the body 
touched, or the number or color seen. Further experiments de- 
termine the range and accuracy of various forms of memory and 
the powers of association. 
Such tests in addition to determining for the individual in 
what respects and to what degree his development and capacities 
differ from the average, have a scientific, an educational and a 
practical value that is sure to increase as the tests are more exten- 
sively introduced and their results interpreted. 
