554 Froceedings of the Royal Society 
sharp horizontal notches in the bare rocks. We were likewise 
struck here, as in other parts of the Norwegian coast, with the 
greater freshness of the ice-markings near the sea-level, when 
compared with those higher up — a difference which is likewise 
very noticeable in the west of Scotland. 
The Nus Fjord is about six miles long, and lies between the 
Ulfjord and Oxfjord. Its margin is terraced by the same horizon- 
tal lines so constant in this region. Its south-western side presents 
a singularly arctic scene. A range of deeply cleft and embayed 
crags and precipices, plentifully streaked with snow, rises up to the 
edge of the snow-field, which, as usual, presses down every larger 
valley in a stream of blue ice. Eight or ten distinct glaciers may 
be counted, of which at least three descend from the snow-field. 
The others lie in corries detached from the snow-field, though in 
some cases connected with it by nearly perpendicular streaks of 
snow. Here, as in the Ulfjord, the edge of the great sheet of snow 
which covers the table-land may be seen ending off abruptly as a 
cliff upon the crest of a dark precipice of rock, and from the colour 
of the lower part of the cliff, it is plain that from pressure and 
motion, the under portion of the snow sheet is converted into ice, 
and as ice, reaches the verge of the table-land, where it breaks 
sharply off, and sends its ruins to the bottom of the precipice under- 
neath. There the debris, mingled with the winter snow, is anew 
converted into solid ice, and creeps downward as a glacier. 
At the head of the fjord, on the south-east side, the mouth of a 
valley which terminates inland at the foot of a glacier is blocked 
up by an old moraine. Behind this rampart of detritus the valley 
spreads out as an alluvial plain, evidently at one time a lake formed 
by the moraine barrier at the foot. The moraine itself is strewed 
with enormous angular blocks of rock, beside which the huts of a 
miserable Lapp encampment look like mere pebbles. The side of 
this moraine facing the fjord is cut by the 50 foot beach. On the 
opposite side of the fjord a valley, at the head of which a glacier 
comes down from the Snee-fond, opens upon the shore, and is 
curtained across by a terrace, the surface of which is mottled with 
a number of irregular concentric mounds. We had not an oppor- 
tunity of examining these, but they seemed to be moraine heaps 
left by the glacier when it came down to the fjord. They vividly 
