556 
Proceedings of the Royal Society 
line which further southward is found only on the lower zone of the 
mountains.* It seems as if a sheet of ice, descending from the 
south, had overriden all the fjords here and the comparatively low 
hills between them, and had advanced northwards to the Arctic 
Sea. 
In fine, this short excursion into the Northern part of Scandi- 
navia, furnished us with abundant proofs that the glaciation of the 
west of Norway was produced by a mass of land-ice, of w'^hich the 
present glaciers are the representatives. It likewise confirmed, in 
a most impressive way, the conclusion which has gained ground so 
rapidly within the last few years, that the glaciation of the Scottish 
Highlands, as well as of the rest of the British Isles, is in the main 
the work, not of floating bergs, but of land ice. This conclusion 
may, indeed, be regarded as demonstrated beyond all cavil by the 
ice-marks of Norway. Much good work might be done by trying 
to work out a detailed comparison of the glaciation of the Scandi- 
navian peninsula with that of this country. More especially would 
it be of importance to ascertain how far the glacial deposits of the 
two countries can be compared. Doubtless the drift-covered slopes 
of Sweden, and those of the east and centre of Scotland, must have 
many geological features in common. It will perhaps be found 
that some of the difficulties which our Scottish drift presents are 
explained by the more extensive deposits of the north, while the 
latter may likewise suggest new explanations of phenomena, sup- 
posed to be already sufficiently intelligible. 
2. On the Third Co-ordinate Branch of the Higher 
Calculus. By Edward Sang, Esq. 
The object of the paper was to point out that the theory of 
variables has a third branch, bearing to the Differential and Integral 
Calculus a relation somewhat analogous to that which the theory 
of Logarithms bears to Involution and Evolution. 
In the theory of Functions there are three connected variable 
We did not go further than Hammerfest, but* the same contour is re- 
tained over the low, tame district that separates Hammerfest from the North 
Cape. 
