1 60 Proceedings of Roycd Society of Edinhurgh. [sess. 
areas of land. Each district must be represented at court either by 
the Mkungo or by a person appointed by him. They receive orders 
from the king as to the amount of taxation and the levying of men 
either for purposes of war or raid. The Makungo are either 
hereditary chiefs or receive the appointment from the king as a 
special reward. When a Mkungo dies, one of his sons is appointed 
in his stead ; it does not, however, follow that the eldest son succeeds 
to the coveted post, for if a younger son makes the king a larger 
present he may obtain the position. The Makungo are limited in 
number, and they used to be free from capital punishment. Casati, 
however, relates that Kabrega now gets out of this difficulty by first 
degrading a Mkungo and afterwards executing him. The collection 
of taxes is accompanied by extreme extortion, and, from the great 
Makungo down to the lowest Matongoli, each official tries to gain as 
much benefit for himself as possible. The king is maintained in 
power by a band of soldiers called Banasura, who are greatly feared 
and disliked by the people ; they reside with the king, and follow 
him about during his journeys. 
Kabrega is said to be the 16th king since the original conquest of 
Unyoro. It is the rule for a new king always to sleep two nights 
to the east of the Nile, and then march into the country along the 
road which his ancestors are said to have taken. Although I knew 
Amfina and Eionga personally, I never had the pleasure or otherwise 
of meeting Kabrega, and I must therefore refer you to the writings 
of Emin, Casati, Junker, and Baker for a description of him, 
merely saying that he is said to be the son of a Wahuma shepherdess, 
that he is about 5 ft. 10 inches in height, has an extremely light 
complexion, and that he is described as being of a cowardly and 
superstitious character. Amfina, on the contrary, was a thoroughly 
polished man, of fine soldierly bearing, with a remarkably intelligent 
face ; he was very suave and friendly, although of a somewhat 
grasping disposition. He had adopted many Arabic customs and 
dressed in an Arabic kaftan. His divan was overspread with 
Turkish carpets, and the seats and bolsters were covered with spotless 
linen. When I visited him, coffee and cigarettes were gravely 
handed round by smartly dressed boys, and one forgot for the 
moment that one was not paying a visit of ceremony to some Arab 
Bey. Eionga was a fine old man, quiet and unassuming. He had 
