182 
organs. The simultaneous occurrence of spermogones and pycnides 
also characterises certain fungi, e.g., Sphceria epicymatia, Wallr. 
Indeed, the presence of multiform reproductive organs in lichens, 
renders more indefinite and unsatisfactory the line of definition be- 
tween them and the fungi ; or in other words, renders more clear and 
intimate the alliance between these two great cryptogam ic families. 
16. By the discovery in Germany in 1850, and the subsequent 
description by various French and German authors, of the spermo- 
gones and pycnides of lichens, this family of plants has been placed 
on, at least, as good a footing, in respect of their anatomy and phy- 
siology, as other cryptogamic families, which have hitherto been more 
carefully and successfully studied. 
The following Donations to the Library were announced : — 
Anniversary Address to the Geological Society of London. By 
Major-General Portlock, R.E. 8vo. — From the Author. 
The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. February 1859. 
8vo. — From the Society. 
The American Journal of Science and Arts. January 1859. 8vo. 
From the Editors. 
Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London. Vol. III. 
No. I. 8vo. — From the Society. 
Journal of Agriculture, and Transactions of the Highland and Ag- 
ricultural Society of Scotland. No. 64 (March 1859). 8vo. 
—From the Society. 
Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society. January 1859. 8vo. 
—From the Society. 
Journal of the Statistical Society of London. Vol. XXII. Part. 1. 
8vo. — From the Society. 
A Catalogue of the Graduates in the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, 
and Law, of the University of Edinburgh since its Foundation. 
8vo .—From the University. 
Comets : their Constitution and Phases. By Christopher Kemplay. 
8 vo. — From the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society. 
Report on the Teneriffe Astronomical Experiment of 1856. Ad- 
dressed to the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. By 
Professor C. P. Smyth. 4to. From the Author. 
Report of the Proceedings of the Geological and Polytechnic Society 
