454 
stone, and he found that, in central Scotland, that formation exhi- 
bited a copious series of contemporaneous felstones and ash-beds in 
its lower and upper members ; the former being exemplified in For- 
farshire and Perthshire, and the latter in Fife and in the Pentland 
Hills. Several additional facts had also been observed among the 
Carboniferous trap-rocks, tending to make the series more complete, 
and to show how with volcanic movements there were associated 
certain risings and sinkings of the land, whereby the fauna and flora 
of the Carboniferous period were locally modified. Reference was 
also made to the remarkable series of greenstone and basalt dykes 
which traverse Scotland from N.W. to S.E., and enter the northern 
English counties. From observations made at either end of the 
O 
series, the author deduced the inference that these dykes are later 
than the Lias, and probably belong to the period of the Middle or 
Upper Oolite. 
2. Notes on Ancient Glaciers made during a brief Visit to 
Chamouni and its neighbourhood in September 1860. 
By David Milne-Home, Esq. of Wedderburn. 
With reference to the Mer de Glace , the author described the 
great transported blocks on the slope of the hill above Montan vert 
Inn ; the smoothed rocks about 250 to 300 feet above the glacier; 
the two ancient lateral moraines on the east side of the valley ; the 
action of the ice on a perpendicular wall of rock near foot of glacier ; 
the old moraine of Lisboli, which must have formerly crossed and 
blocked up the valley, and the transported blocks on the hill of 
Flegere, about 2700 feet above Chamouni, and probably deposited 
there by glacier, when it was at the level of the blocks above the 
Montanvert. 
The hill of Chavant was next described, situated about six miles 
west of Chamouni, on the north side of the valley, the south slopes 
of which are beautifully smoothed and scratched to the top of the 
hill, which is 1000 feet high. The scratches in some places in- 
clined at an angle of 15° to 20°; their direction near foot of hill, 
W.N.W. ; about midway up, N.W. ; and near top N.N.W. by 
compass. 
On west side of valley, opposite to Chavant, at the Hameau of 
Le Grange, there are rocks of soft schist, flattened, smoothed, 
