12 
THE AMAZON AND MADEIRA RIVERS. 
' periods, and scarcely anything written by the haruls of the autochthons, 
I a few unintelligible hieroglyphs excepted. 
On the South American Continent wo find Indian tribes living close 
together — not separated by any barriers, such as ice-covered heights, 
impenetrable jungles, or dreary deserts — Avhich ditfer so materially from 
each other in language, character, and customs, tliat they have scarcely 
anything in common but their brown .slciu and black lank hair. A new- 
1 coiner, deceived by this outward similaritj^, rvill think them of the same 
I kin and kind; but, on closer observation, he will find that they are 
totally different nations, living generally in deadly feud with each other ; 
and by-and-bye he will also discover their physiognomies to be of quite 
another type.* So in the Southern provinces we saw in the closest 
vicinity two entirely different nations — of course, at war with each other 
from times immemorial. One of them, the Guarani, of the widely spread 
'L’upi tribe, showing the well-known eagle profile of the North American 
Indians, first-rate pedlars and fishers, generally keep near the largo 
rivers ; while the other, the Coroados, or Ca-en-gangues (forest-men), as 
they call themsolves,t more warlike and high-handed, carrying off and 
enslaving whomsoever they can, do not use canoes at all, and prefer the 
wooded ravinas of the lateral valleys or the grass-gi’own ridges of the 
Campos, where the fat tapir, the wild hog, and the nimble deer fall an 
|[ easy prey to their never-failing arrows and heavy lances. Their oblique 
eyes, short nose, and high cheek-bones, strongly remind one of the 
1 Mongolian type, tliough by this remark I would not imply their direct 
Asiatic origin. 
I A few years ago they fought a bloody though unsuccessful war 
' against the white intruders, and were pursued and punished for it by 
I ' the Portuguese Government in the most rnthless way, while many tribes 
' of their hereditary foes, the softer Guarani, bent their necks without 
I much difficulty beneath the heavy yoke of the Jesuits. 
These Guaraui, although their outward appearance and character 
recall the old Mexican tribes, seem to have come, in all probability, 
from the South, the Paraguay of to-daj’’, and the Southern provinces of 
I I * The slave popidatiou of Brazil, scrajied together from all parts of Africa, and 
l| showing a groat variety of tyjies, also seems to newly arrived Europeans to be wrought 
I after one and the same model — a sort of primitive negro ; the general similitude of 
colour and hair causing the marked ditferencos of physiognomy and cranium to be 
overlooked. 
' I Martins calls them Carnes. 
1 
