THE VEGETATIOX OF THE YHIGIN-FOBEST. 
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railroad is ready, all tlic bark will fj;o by tbe Amazon Valley to Europe. 
Then Avill an increased export of bark take jjlace ; and tbe forests on 
the sloijes ot the Andes Avill be gradually iuA’aded and explored, to 
tbe closer arrival of that period Avben the danger of the complete 
rooting-out of the useful tree may be autieipated. In tins regard, surely, 
attention should be doA'oted to the planting of this blessing to suffering 
huraanit}’^ in countries wherein it is indigenous, seeing tliat the attempts 
made by the Dutch and English Governments in Java, Ce}don, and on 
the Himalayas do not seem to have been quite satisfactory as to the 
quality of the bark in respect of quinquina. In Eray,il several plantations 
of cinchona have been made on the Scriu dos Orgaos : but they are still 
too young to allow of our judging of the result. As the Dolivian 
Government has forbidden, under the severest penalties, the cxjAort of the 
young plants and seeds, it is vmry ditlicult and expeusive to get saplings. 
Seeds, indeed, are easier to obtain ; but they offer loss chances of success. 
Without a Amry strong impulse from without, neither the Bolivian nor 
the reruvian Goveruiuents, alternately in the hands of spur-clattering 
usiu-pers and ambitious hiAvyers, Avill make the slightest effort; and, as 
there is small hope of long diplomatic debates being held in th(! behalf of 
feAmr-shaken humanity, things Anil remain in siatu quo for many yeai's 
to come. 
Bolivia lost, Arica, Avhioli should, by all nieaiis, bo hers, aud now is perfectly isolated in 
that direction, a.s Cobija, being situated in a waterless desert, never will bo of any 
great service to commerce. Aud hai-dly better are its natural communioations with tlio 
Atlantic. There BrnisU, owning both shoi'os of tho Madeira far into tiie region of 
tho r-apids, and the Ai'geutine Eepuhlic claiming the right shore of the imA'igahie 
Paraguay up to tlie coniines of Mato Grosso, exclude it from the navigation of the 
two chief highways of trade — the Amazon and tho Eiver Plate — and lunder the growing 
of staples Ticar their teriitoiy. Almost all the Bolivian trade goes by way of Arica, tho 
Peruvian Gov'ernment loA’j'iiig heav}' taxes ; so tliat the opening of the Madeira road 
will, indeed, be the source of life to all Ihjlivia; and the cession of some hundreds of 
square miles of (as yet useless) primeval forest to Brazil, thus romoving its frontiers on 
the Madeira from Santo Antonio to the mouth of tlxe Beni, that is, from 8“ -19' to 1 0° 20’ 
S. lat., appears a ti-ifle iu view of the advantages derived. It looks almost like imulness 
on tho part of the Brazilian Government to continue to add to the ocean of forest it 
oAvns already ou the Ajnazon, especially as there is no strategic point of any importance 
on the claimed territory, us in the contested land ou tho Pai’aguay between the Apa 
and the Mondego. The only proto.xt for it can be that Perii, the ever-threatening 
enemy of Brazil, regards itself os tho heir of Bolivia (so to say), and will he so mucb 
tho poorer for it some da3'. Of course there was no want of PeruA-iau protests and 
expressions of the deepest indignation, which sounded strange enough from that 
quarter; and Brazil, iu some futm-e contest with the Argentine Eepuhlie, luaj' surelA' 
count on seeing Peru\-iau mon-of-war coming down from Iquitos to test the soliditj' of 
the walls of Tahatijiga. on tho iSolimocs. 
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