PAPENBERG. 
land near them. Some of them are . crowned with 
a scraggy pine-tree or two, and look exactly like 
those bits of rockwork which are constantly met 
with in the gardens of China and Japan. No 
doubt these rocky islands have suggested the idea 
worked out in gardens, and they have been well 
imitated. Others of these rocks look in the dis- 
tance like ships under full sail, and in one instance 
I observed a pair of them exactly like fishing- 
junks, which are generally met with in pairs. 
Nearer the shore the islands are richly clothed 
with trees and brushwood, resembling those pretty 
“ Pulos” which are seen in the Eastern Archi- 
pelago. The highest hills on this part of the 
mainland of Kiu-siu are about 1500 feet above 
the level of the sea; but hills of every height, 
from 300 to 1500 feet, and of all forms, were ex- 
posed to our view as we approached the entrance 
to the harbour of Nagasaki. Many of these hills 
were terraced nearly to their summits, and at this 
season these terraces were green with the young 
crops of wheat and barley. 
The pretty little island of Papenberg stands as 
if it were a sentinel guarding the harbour of 
Nagasaki. Pretty it certainly is, and yet it is 
associated with scenes of persecution, cruelty, and 
bloodshed of the most horrible description. “ If 
history spoke true,” says Captain Sherard Osborn, 
“ deeds horrid enough for it to have been for ever 
blighted by God’s wrath have been perpetrated 
there during the persecutions of the Christians in 
b 2 
