BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. 
89 
other pleasing accompaniments afforded by the study of 
Botany. 
I trust I have now shown, that it is not on the statist alone 
that we should rely for satisfactorily investigating the con- 
nection between the two sciences of Botany and Statistics, 
and their general relation to the welfare of mankind. 
The importance of the subject and the necessity for its 
pursuit by other than the mere statist, being acknowledged, 
the facilities for the investigation afforded to the Botanist, by 
the natural classification of plants, according as it does with 
their general properties, would seem immediately to direct us 
to the consideration of the statistics of each order, and to the 
grouping of the results in accordance with such natural 
arrangement ; with this view I have made the following very 
imperfect attempt with an order, exceedingly important from 
the various economical purposes to which the products of the 
various plants composing it are applied. 
The order Coniferae is divided into two sections, the Abie- 
tinse and Cupressinae : the chief of the properties which 
render this tribe so important reside in the first section, the 
Abietinae, and are chiefly confined to the genera Abies, Larix 
and Pinus in that section. 
These properties seem very simply to be divided into two 
distinct kinds, viz., 1st, those which reside in the wood as 
timber; and 2ndly, those which reside in the eliminated 
juices. 
The first consists of that kind of timber imported into this 
countrv under the several names of deals and deal ends, 
batten and batten ends, masts, lathwood, and fir timber. 
The deals are the trunks of the trees sawn into planks, 
varying in length from 6 feet to 45 and upwards, having a 
breadth of 7 inches, and a thickness of from 3^ in. to 4 in., 
and thus pay a duty, varying in accordance with the sizes of 
the deals, from £2 to £10 per 120, if imported from our Bri- 
tish Possessions in North America; but if imported from 
foreign countries the duties are much higher, varying from 
£8 2s. 6d. to £44 per 120. 
The deal ends are planks shorter than 6 feet, having similar 
width and thickness with the deals, and pay a less amount of 
duty per 120 than the deals. When coming from British 
North America they pay a duty of from 15s. to £l 10s. ; and 
from foreign countries from £6 to £12. The number of 
deals and deal ends imported has gradually increased from 
the year 1820 to IS35. 
