124 Proceedings of the Royal Society 
the 500 or 600 miles of its course. I crossed the Chambeze in 10° 
34' south, and several of its confluents, north and south, quite as 
large as the Isis at Oxford, but running faster, and having hippo- 
potami in them.” 
Livingstone reached a place called Bemba, on the plateau, in 
February 1867, and fixed its position in 10° 10' south, 31° 50' east. 
Proceeding northwards, in April 1867, he discovered Lake Liemba. 
It lies in a hollow, with precipitous sides 2000 feet down, on the 
northern slope of the upland. “ It is extremely beautiful, sides, 
top, and bottom being covered with trees and other vegetation. 
Elephants, buffaloes, and antelopes feed on its steep slopes ; whilst 
hippopotami, crocodiles, and fish swarm in the waters. It is as 
perfect a natural paradise as Xenophon could have desired. On 
two rocky islands men till the land, rear goats, and catch fish. 
The villages ashore are embowered in the oil palms of the west of 
Africa.” 
“ Four considerable streams flow into Liemba, and a number of 
brooks, from 12 to 15 feet broad, leap down the steep bright red 
clay, such are the rocks, and form splendid cascades, that made the 
dullest of my attendants pause and remark with wonder.” 
Livingstone does not give any note of the direction of these four 
rivers, which flow into the lake ; but it appears a necessary con- 
clusion, from its position, that these should have their rise on 
the higher side of the plateau, and flow to the lake from the 
east. 
u The lake is from 18 to 20 miles broad, and from 35 to 40 miles 
long. It goes off to north-north-west, in a river-like prolongation, 
two miles wide — it is said to Tanganyika.” Livingstone continues 
— “ I would have set it down as an arm of Tanganyika, but that 
its surface is 2800 feet above the level of the sea, while Speke 
makes the lake Tanganyika 1844 feet only.” The observation of 
Livingstone here confirms the opinion of Mr Findlay, given in an 
able paper read before the G-eographical Society in 1867, in which, 
by a recomputation of the thermometer heights measured by Captain 
Speke, he came to the conclusion that Tanganyika Lake was at an 
elevation of 2800 feet above the sea; and that, since its fresh 
waters must have an outlet, this would most probably be found to 
be to northward. 
