51 
1915-16.] The Origin of Oil-Shale. 
“ These folds were established long before the formation of the great 
east and west faults, and there are three main anticlinal ridges which, with 
their complementary troughs, can be traced right through the shale area 
across the faults. . . . 
“ The Dechmont Arch begins a mile north-west of West Calder, and 
CC Pumphersf’On " " Scale of miles 
OIL - SHALE GROUP 
Lower 
STRATA BELOW OILS HALE GROUP 
D D Kirk! is Ton » 
E D a/m ah oy Minor 
F ST raj Ton « 
G Carlops ” 
Fig. 2. — Oil-Shale Fields of the Lothians. (Reduced and much simplified from 
the maps of H.M- Geological Survey.) 
runs N.N.E. past Cousland, Barracks, Dechmont, West Binny Reservoir, 
and Hangingside, ending on the west side of Philipstoun. 
“ The Pumpherston Arch begins south-west of Mid Calder, and passes 
northward through Pumpherston, Broxburn, and Winchburgh, reaching the 
sea-coast at Hopetoun. . . . 
“The Kirkliston Arch begins some distance south of Kirkliston, and 
