1915-16.] Obituary Notices. 349 
Goodsir. He began and continued to collect and examine crania from this 
time. Ancient and modern skulls of every race and from every country, 
skulls normal and skulls deformed, were all welcome. Former pupils and 
foreign friends all helped. In one instance a captain and part owner of 
a steamer got himself into danger in the East when trying to dig up skulls 
for Turner. At the time of Turner’s death he had a number of skulls in 
the room reserved for him in the Anatomical Department of the University 
which he had not yet examined. Our Transactions are enriched by many 
papers from his pen on the races of mankind and their craniology. In 
1904 he was awarded the Keith Prize for his various memoirs on the 
craniology of the peoples of Scotland and of India. He edited the second 
edition in 1863 and the third edition in 1870 of Paget’s Pathology , revising 
the pathological while Sir James Paget revised the clinical portion. 
Turner prepared an Atlas of Human Anatomy and Physiology , with 
handbook, in 1857, and wrote the article “ Anatomy ” for the Encyclopaedia 
Britannica, ninth edition. This well-balanced article was expanded into 
Introduction to Human Anatomy , including the Anatomy of the 
Tissues, 1877. An early copy was sent to Oliver Wendell Holmes, who 
proved that he had read it by sending back a list of errata. 
He collected and edited the Anatomical Memoirs of Professor John 
Goodsir, F.R.S., in two volumes, Edinburgh, 1868. He also arranged and 
edited the Scientific Papers and Addresses by Professor George RoUeston, 
F. R.S., two volumes, Oxford, 1874. 
In April 1866 Turner became examiner in anatomy for the University 
of London ; and in the autumn of the same year he joined the late Professor 
G. M. Humphry of Cambridge, also a St Bartholomew’s man, in found- 
ing the Journal of Anatomy and Physiology , an important quarterly 
magazine, which they edited. Some twenty years later Humphry and 
Turner helped the late Mr C. B. Lockwood, another St Bartholomew’s 
man, to found the Anatomical Society. 
A great many of Turner’s papers, especially of those on human 
anatomy, appeared in the Journal of Anatomy and Physiology ; but 
papers appeared in other magazines, and in reports such as those of the 
Challenger and the British Association for the Advancement of Science. 
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Physical Society in 1858, and 
had the unique distinction of holding the office of President for four 
successive years, 1863-1867. Besides the presidential address in 1888, 
vol. x, and a paper by George Logan and W. T., 1867, there are seven 
papers by him in the Proceedings of that Society, of which he became 
President for a second time, 1885 to 1888. 
