370 
Siq)plement to the ^'Tropical Agriculturist. 
[Nov. 1, 1897, 
Cattle lleturn for the North-Central Province for 
1896 . — ( Contd.) 
District. 
Supposed 
Nature of 
Disease. 
CO 
o» 
> 
o 
0) 
^ Deaths, 
. i 
Nnwaragampalata 
Murrain and 
hoof-and- 
mouth disease. 
1,500 
4,500 
Hurnlupalata 
Murrain 
186 
155 
Ealagatnpalata 
Murrain 
160 
366 
Tamankadnwa District 
Purging and 
sores on hoof 
and mouth. 
no 
95 
Total . . 
1,946 
5,116 
Uva — Foot-and-mouth disease prevailed all 
over the Province during the year. 
Cattle Return for the Province of Saharagamuwa 
for 1896. 
District. 
Number ot 
Cattle. 
Number 
affected by 
Disease. 
W 
<D 
O 
cd 
SG 
a 
W 
Black Cattle 
and other 
1 Breeds. 
I Buffaloes. | 
1 1 
Black Cattle I 
and other | 
! Breeds. | 
Ratnapura 
19,960 
19,558 
2,450 
4,123 
Eegalla 
22,523 
16,686 
6 
21 
Total . . 
42,483 
36,244 
2,456 
4,144 
^ - 
> 
78,727 
Supposed 
03 
<V 
District 
Nature of the 
<V 
Disease. 
O 
o 
Q 
Ratnapura 
Hoof-and- 
- 
mouth disease 
and purging 
4,513 
2,060 
Eegalla 
3Iurrain 
10 
17 
Total . . 
4,523 
2,077 
The information detailed above was received 
from the Government Agent of each Province. 
During the latter part of the year I requested 
returns to be furnished to m'e in the form in 
which the return from the Northern Province 
is rendered. It was found not possible to give 
exact details for 1896, but the most reliable 
information has been given, and complete returns 
in the form indicated will be compiled for 
1897 and be rendered half-yearly. Foot-and- 
mouth disease appears to have given consider- 
able trouble. Fortunately there has been no 
serious loss. It may be classed as a mild disease, 
and large numbers of deaths should not occur 
if the animals are carefully attended. The 
treatment for this disease has been several times 
published in official reports and in the public 
press. 
GENERAL ITEMS. 
For several years past Prof. Hummel of Leeds 
has been working on the dyes and tans of 
India, and recently, in conjunction with Mr. A. 
G. Perkin, who has submitted each dye to a 
critical chemical analy.-is, a most valuable series 
of papers has been published on Indian dyeing 
materials. Sir F. Abel, Director of the Imperial 
Institute, writing to Dr. IVatt with reference to 
the labours of Prof. Hummel, says “ he sends me 
a list of eight (dyestuffs) which are sufficiently rich 
in colouring matter to render them worthy of ex- 
amination both chemically and tinctorially in pre- 
ference to others.” The following is the list in 
which the dyes are arranged in the order of their 
tinctorial value ; — Myrica Nagi (bark). Delphinium 
Zalil (flowers), Carpe.sium abrotanoides (whole 
plant,) Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis (flowerl tubes), 
Kandelia Rheedii (wood), Gossypium herbaceum 
(flower.^), Thespesia populnea (flowers), and 
Mangifera indica (bark). It will be seen from this 
list of Indian dyes that all but the first three 
are familiar trees in Ceylon. 
Mr. G. E. Dugmore, writing to theGrahamstown 
Journal, urges upon cattle-owners the importance 
of inoculating their herds against rinderpest. He 
says : “ I can give names if necessary ; one man out 
of 70 has not one left, another out of over 200 has 19 
left, another out of 50 has 3 left, another out of 40 
has one left, and another out of 146 has 26 left. 
Where inoculation has been carefully done 
while the herd was healthy the results have 
been as follows : — Out of 278, 4 dead ; out of 
160, no loss ; out of 490, 5 dead ; out of 2(X), 
5 dead. These 1 have had from thoroughly 
reliable men. They have all been inoculated twice, 
and are now doing it a third time, and I could 
multiply instances indefinitely. How long the 
immunity will last we do not know, but the 
following is thcroughly established: Get the 
disease and without inoculation, losses are 99 
per cent ; get the disease and then inoculate, 
losses 50 to 80 per cent; inoculate with good 
bile before herd is affected, and losses will be 
nil to 5 per cent. 
The following is given as the approximate 
average analysis of the fresh orange as calculated 
by Prof. Earle of the Florila Experimental 
Station, the average being take from 15 varieties 
analysed by him 
Moisture 
per cent 8 7 -33 
Nitrogen 
■121 
Organic matter exclusi 
ve 
of nitrogen 
11-55 
Silica ... 
•010 
Sulphuric acid 
, 
•043 
Phosphoric acid 
•082 
Ferric oxide 
•005 
Lime 
•232 
Magnesia 
•048 
Potash 
•508 
Soda 
•041 
Chlorine 
•on 
