THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
Antennae 8-joiuted. Margin with simple stoutish 
hairs. A distant series of short, fine, white cottony 
filaments springing from glandular spots near margin. 
Locality Punduloya. 
68. L. caudatum, n. sp. — Very abundant on leaves 
of passifloi'a, occasionally on Coffee. Convex oblong, 
oval ; broadest behind. Colour varying with age from 
bright orange to deep chestnut brown ; the paler 
specimens with a dark brown longitudinal and several 
transverse bands. Three or four very long white 
thread-like filaments springing from anal aperture, 
frequently extending two or three times length of 
insects. The hairs from ano-genital ring very cons- 
picuous, stout and dark coloured ; marginal hairs 
dilated and toothed. Antenrise 7-jointed. 
Locality Punduloya. 
69. L- acutissimum, n. sp. — On under surface of 
leaves of Coconut and oiher palms. Very narrow; 
pointed in front and behind of the shape and size 
of a carroway seed. Reddish brown to black. Antennae 
6-jointed. Single stigmatic spine. 
Localities Punduloya, Kandy, Colombo. 
70. L. pipcris, u. sp.— On leaves of wild pepper, 
upper surface. Female broadly oval, flattish, with 
prominent median longitudinal, and two transverse 
ridges. Pale fulvous to pale reddish brown. Antennae 
8-jointed. Stigmatic spines in deep cleft, four to six. 
Male puparium divided into 18 waxy plates. 
Locality Punduloya. 
71. L. ophiorrhizce, n. sp.— On leaves and stems of 
Ophiorrkiza pectinata. Oblong, pointed in front. Pale 
fulvous with daikreddish, reticulated pattern. Stigmatic 
spines three, the central one very long and prominent. 
Antennm 8-jointed. Male puparium composed of 9 
glassy plates, a median longitudinal series of prominent 
points. 
Locality Punduloya. 
72. L. formicarii, n. sp.— On stems of Tea and 
other shrubs, always sheltered by nests of a small 
brown ant ( Cremasto(jaster,f.\).). Highly convex, almost 
globular; dull brown. 
Locality Punduloya. 
—Indian 3Iuseuin Notes. 
YIELD OF BLUE-GUM PLANTATIONS. 
From some interesting figures lately supplied us 
by a correspondent, we gather some valuable infor- 
mation regarding the yield of fuel from gum plan- 
tations : — 
03 
&.2S 
c3 CO O 
rH fl ^ 
<D Q 
03 03 
c s- 
<.§o *^.2 
Feet. No. 
7,23.5 
5,954 
6,694 
7,382 
847 
980 
1,U45 
469 
Cubic 
ft. 
2 966 
2,1.51 
5,963 
6,894 
Cubic 
ft. 
593 
302 
503 
585 
Cubic Cubic 
ft. 
3'5 
2’2 
6-7 
14-7 
ft. 
0-2 
0 3 
0’6 
1-4 
Equivalent of cubic feet in tons is 45 oubic feet 
z=l ton. Govt, ratio. 
Taking the question of elevation first, it will be 
seen that the hightest plantations give decidedly 
the host results, both in actual stock and annual 
increase per acre. Naturally the youngest plantation 
(No. 1) leads the way in annual increase per acre, 
whiie it is undoubtedly the lower elevation that 
make No. 2 and 3 so inferior to the others. No. 4, 
by the way, is the average of two plantations, very 
i ]2 age, elevation and other details. Another 
factor to bfe noted is the number of trees per acre. 
No. 3 containing far too many for its age, nine years. 
The chief influence on the yield, however, to be 
gathered from our figures, is that of elevation. 
Detail as to soil, exposure, &c.. are unhappily not given. 
The Goveniment ratio of 45 cubic feet to one ton 
seems to be fat under the rnaik, as this gives very 
nearly 4,5U0 lb. dry weight per the usual stack of 100 
cubic feet. With timber under ten years, the average 
[Feb, I, 1898. 
runs according to our experience to 3,500 lb. per 100 
cubic feet or 64 cubic feet per ton. Naturally the 
younger the trees, the lighter the stack, for it is cer- 
tain that the cubic space occupied by the stack cer- 
tainly does not represent 100 solid cubic feet of timber 
owing to the interstices between the logs. The 
actual weight of a cubic foot of dry blue-gum timber 
runs out, it is true, to the Government standard of 
45 lb. We mention this to warn planters basing 
the actual dry weight of the fuel they grow by such 
a high standard as 45 lb. per stacked cubic foot. 
A query was recently propounded as to whether 
it paid better to buy or grow one’s fuel for firing 
purposes. This depends of course on the price of 
the outside fuel available and on the quality of the 
reserve land on the estate. The annual yield in lb. 
of fuel per acre of gums varies from lOi thousand 
pounds at say 6,000 feet to 20J thousand pounds at 
say 7,000 feet. Or say the plantations were cleaned 
felled in successive plots each five to six years’ old, 
the yield would vary from 70,000 lb. to 105,000 lb. 
Any further information that our correspondents 
rnay furnish will be gladly welcomed . — Planting Opi- 
nion. 
PLANTING NOTES. 
Forests. — The following table of forest distribu- 
tion in several sea bound countries, from which a 
fairly reliable data is given may be of interest, 
says Mr. D. Forbes in the Hawaiian Planters’ Monthly . — 
Percentage of Forest area 
total average per head of 
Countries. 
of country 
under forest. 
Population 
in acres. 
East India (British) . . 
25 % 
■5 
U.S. America 
17 „ 
7-6 
Russia in Europe . . 
42 „ 
61 
Sweden in Europe . . 
35 „ 
9T 
Germany in Europe. . 
26 „ 
•8 
Italy in Europe 
00 
-- 
•5 
France in Europe . . 
16 „ 
’6 
Germany in Europe. . 
4 „ 
•1 
Poor Quality of Ceylon Tea. — An Up-country 
Visiting Agent writes to our evening contemporary : — 
If most planters began to pluck fine, there would be a 
plethora of fine teas, which would be, a way, a drug iu 
the market, while the few who continued to pluck 
coarsely would score consiclei ably. There is a de- 
mand for different kinds of tea at different times, 
and it has paid of late to pluck coarsely to meet the 
demand for a particular kind of tea. As for the 
falling-off in quality in March, April, and Way, and 
the consequent drop in the market, it is due in my 
opinion to the weather, which affects the sap in the 
tree, and, when the rains set in, the leaf improves at 
once, and prices rise. Fine plucking will not alter 
this. I have always held that the market would be 
relieved and prices steadied by planters going in for 
making green teas for America on a big scale, and 
that the Thirty Committee should financially assist 
for a twelve-month those who would do so. The 
Committee have lots of money, and this method of 
spending it would be quite as beneficial as sub- 
siding traders in America and Russia to build 
up big business for ‘themselves.” As to the “ex- 
pert and tea rejection” scheme, it would require 
legislation before it could be carried out, as there is 
no law at present to prevent the tea planter shipping 
any rubbish he likes. Of course, if tea is bad enough, 
and we hear of tea bought in Colombo for ten 
cents being shipped home, the rejection ought to 
take place at the British Customs. Tea unfit for 
huniau consumption i,s rejected now in America as 
well as in Australia, and the same vigilance ought 
to be exercised iu England. But the English tea- 
drinker appears to be able to consume what is too bad 
for any other country. Hurely the Ceylon Association 
iu London might wake the Customs up, as rejec- 
tion on the other side would be much more easily 
carried out, and a less invidious duty, than if done 
in Colombo. Ctherwise, we think something should be 
done on this side. 
